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  2. Wave interference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference

    The resultant wave may have greater intensity (constructive interference) or lower amplitude (destructive interference) if the two waves are in phase or out of phase, respectively. Interference effects can be observed with all types of waves, for example, light , radio , acoustic , surface water waves , gravity waves , or matter waves as well ...

  3. Interference reflection microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interference_reflection...

    In 1964, Adam S. G. Curtis coined the term Interference Reflection Microscopy (IRM), using it in the field of cell biology to study embryonic chick heart fibroblasts. [1] [2] He used IRM to look at adhesion sites and distances of fibroblasts, noting that contact with the glass was mostly limited to the cell periphery and the pseudopodia.

  4. Fringe shift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringe_shift

    The interaction of the waves on a viewing surface alternates between constructive interference and destructive interference causing alternating lines of dark and light. In the example of a Michelson Interferometer, a single fringe represents one wavelength of the source light and is measured from the center of one bright line to the center of ...

  5. Interferometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometry

    Figure 1. The light path through a Michelson interferometer.The two light rays with a common source combine at the half-silvered mirror to reach the detector. They may either interfere constructively (strengthening in intensity) if their light waves arrive in phase, or interfere destructively (weakening in intensity) if they arrive out of phase, depending on the exact distances between the ...

  6. Bragg's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg's_law

    In many areas of science, Bragg's law, Wulff–Bragg's condition, or Laue–Bragg interference are a special case of Laue diffraction, giving the angles for coherent scattering of waves from a large crystal lattice. It describes how the superposition of wave fronts scattered by lattice planes leads to a strict relation between the wavelength ...

  7. Newton's rings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_rings

    Therefore, the waves will reinforce (add) through constructive interference and the resulting reflected light intensity will be greater. As a result, a bright area will be observed there. At other locations, where the path length difference is equal to an even multiple of a half-wavelength, the reflected waves will be 180° out of phase , so a ...

  8. Crest and trough - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crest_and_trough

    A trough is the opposite of a crest, so the minimum or lowest point of the wave. When the crests and troughs of two sine waves of equal amplitude and frequency intersect or collide, while being in phase with each other, the result is called constructive interference and the magnitudes double (above and

  9. Bio-layer interferometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-layer_interferometry

    Figure 3 - Reflectance signal as a function of wavelength. Bio-layer interferometry measures kinetics and biomolecular interactions on a basis of wave interference.To prepare for BLI analysis between two unique biomolecules, the ligand is first immobilized onto a bio compatible biosensor while the analyte is in solution. [5]