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Twelfth rib syndrome, also known as rib tip syndrome, is a painful condition that occurs as a result of highly mobile floating ribs.It commonly presents as pain that may be felt in the lower back or lower abdominal region as a result of the 11th or 12th mobile rib irritating the surrounding tissues and nervous systems.
The thoracic spinal nerve 12 (T12) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment. [1] It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 12 (T12). It may also be known as the subcostal nerve.
A burst fracture is a type of traumatic spinal injury in which a vertebra breaks from a high-energy axial load (e.g., traffic collisions or falls from a great height or high speed, and some kinds of seizures), with shards of vertebra penetrating surrounding tissues and sometimes the spinal canal. [1]
A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra.It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra (compare with burst fracture).This weakening is seen in patients with osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta, lytic lesions from metastatic or primary tumors, [1] or infection. [2]
[7] [6] The most common area affected is the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine. [6] A CT scan is recommended as part of the diagnostic work-up to detect any potential abdominal injuries. [5] The fracture is often unstable. [1] Treatment may be conservative with the use of a brace or via surgery. [1] The fracture is currently rare. [7]
Spinal column injury is trauma that causes fracture of the bone or instability of the ligaments in the spine; this can coexist with or cause injury to the spinal cord, but each injury can occur without the other. [23] Abnormalities might show up on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but the term was coined before MRI was in common use. [24]
Tethered spinal cord syndrome may go undiagnosed until adulthood, when sensory, motor, bowel, and bladder control issues emerge. This delayed presentation of symptoms relates to the degree of strain on the spinal cord over time. [5] Tethering may also develop after spinal cord injury. Scar tissue can block the flow of fluids around the spinal cord.
Causes can be bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor, abscess, ruptured intervertebral disc or other lesion. When acute it can cause a medical emergency independent of its cause, and require swift diagnosis and treatment to prevent long-term disability due to irreversible spinal cord injury .