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Sodium ethoxide is commonly used as a base in the Claisen condensation [7] and malonic ester synthesis. [8] Sodium ethoxide may either deprotonate the α-position of an ester molecule, forming an enolate, or the ester molecule may undergo a nucleophilic substitution called transesterification. If the starting material is an ethyl ester, trans ...
This technology has transformed reaction times that required reflux of at least 1.5 hours to a quick 10-minute microwave run at 130 °C and this has increased the yield of ether synthesized from a range of 6-29% to 20-55% (data was compiled from several different lab sections incorporating the technology in their syntheses).
Sodium salt of ethyl xanthate (sodium ethylxanthate or sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate) Structure of a xanthate ester Cellulose xanthate (orange) A xanthate is a salt or ester of a xanthic acid. The formula of the salt of xanthic acid is [R−O−CS 2] − M + (where R is organyl group and M is usually Na or K). [1] Xanthate also refers to the ...
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Al 6 BeO 10: beryllium aluminium oxide: 12253-74-6 Al 6 O 13 Si 2: mullite: 1302-93-8 ArClF: argon chloride fluoride: 53169-15-6 ArClH: argon chloride hydride: 163731-17-7 ArFH: argon fluoride hydride: 163731-16-6 AsBrO: arsenic oxybromide: 82868-10-8 AsBr 3: arsenic tribromide: 7784-33-0 AsClO: arsenic monoxide monochloride: 14525-25-8 AsCl 3 ...
It may also be prepared from the reaction of sodium ethoxide, formed in-situ from sodium and absolute ethanol, and chloroform: [2] CHCl 3 + 3 Na + 3 EtOH → HC(OEt) 3 + 3 ⁄ 2 H 2 + 3 NaCl. Triethyl orthoformate is used in the Bodroux-Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis, for example: [3] RMgBr + HC(OC 2 H 5) 3 → RC(H)(OC 2 H 5) 2 + MgBr(OC 2 H 5)
Common reaction conditions include use of sodium or potassium alkoxide as base in hexane or tetrahydrofuran solvents, at temperatures ranging between 200–400 °C. A hydrolysis step is also required in the synthesis. The Madelung synthesis is important because it is one of few known reactions that produce indoles from a base-catalyzed thermal ...
Barbital, then called "Veronal", was first synthesized in 1902 by German chemists Emil Fischer and Joseph von Mering, who published their discovery in 1903. [2] Barbital was prepared by condensing diethylmalonic ester with urea in the presence of sodium ethoxide, or by adding at least two molar equivalents of ethyl iodide to the silver salt of malonylurea (barbituric acid) or possibly to a ...