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Enabling may be driven by concern for retaliation, or fear of consequence to the person with the substance use disorder, such as job loss, injury or suicide. [6] A parent may allow an addicted adult child to live at home without contributing to the household such as by helping with chores, and be manipulated by the child's excuses, emotional ...
Codependent No More was first published by the Hazelden Foundation. [9] Beattie's early works also served as the first the Big Book for a 12-Step program called Co-Dependents Anonymous. Although "CoDA" now has a conference-approved (official) "the Big Book" of its own, Beattie's works continue to be central texts in some CoDA meetings. [10]
In her book Adult Children of Alcoholics, Janet G. Woititz describes numerous traits common among adults who had an alcoholic parent. Although not necessarily universal or comprehensive, these traits constitute an adult children of alcoholics syndrome (cf. the work of Wayne Kritsberg).
The Spann–Fischer Codependency Scale is a 16-item self-report instrument that has been proposed as a measure of co-dependency.The scale is based upon a definition of codependency as "a dysfunctional pattern of relating to others with an extreme focus outside of oneself, lack of expression of feelings, and personal meaning derived from relationships with others."
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Codependent relationships often manifest through enabling behaviors, especially between parents and their children. Another way to look at it is that the needs of an infant are necessary but temporary, whereas the needs of the codependent are constant. Children of codependent parents who ignore or negate their own feelings may become ...
The apparently independent behavior of the counterdependent can act as a powerful lure for the co-dependent [14] – though once a couple has formed the two partners – codependent / counterdependent – are sometimes found to switch roles. [15] [full citation needed]