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Torsion of a square section bar Example of torsion mechanics. In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque [1] [2].Torsion could be defined as strain [3] [4] or angular deformation [5], and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position [6].
In the physical science of dynamics, rigid-body dynamics studies the movement of systems of interconnected bodies under the action of external forces.The assumption that the bodies are rigid (i.e. they do not deform under the action of applied forces) simplifies analysis, by reducing the parameters that describe the configuration of the system to the translation and rotation of reference ...
Similarly, the torsional stiffness of a straight section is = where is the rigidity modulus of the material, is the torsion constant for the section. Note that the torsional stiffness has dimensions [force] * [length] / [angle], so that its SI units are N*m/rad.
Saint-Venant [2] conjectured in 1856 that of all domains D of equal area A the circular one has the greatest torsional rigidity, that is . A rigorous proof of this inequality was not given until 1948 by Pólya. [3]
The torsion constant or torsion coefficient is a geometrical property of a bar's cross-section. It is involved in the relationship between angle of twist and applied torque along the axis of the bar, for a homogeneous linear elastic bar. The torsion constant, together with material properties and length, describes a bar's torsional stiffness.
The torsional analog of Hooke's law applies to torsional springs. It states that the torque (τ) required to rotate an object is directly proportional to the angular displacement (θ) from the equilibrium position. It describes the relationship between the torque applied to an object and the resulting angular deformation due to torsion ...
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For some materials, e.g. elastomers and polymers, subjected to large deformations, the engineering definition of strain is not applicable, e.g. typical engineering strains greater than 1%, [1] thus other more complex definitions of strain are required, such as stretch, logarithmic strain, Green strain, and Almansi strain.