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In theoretical chemistry, molecular electronic transitions take place when electrons in a molecule are excited from one energy level to a higher energy level. The energy change associated with this transition provides information on the structure of the molecule and determines many of its properties, such as colour .
In atomic physics and chemistry, an atomic electron transition (also called an atomic transition, quantum jump, or quantum leap) is an electron changing from one energy level to another within an atom [1] or artificial atom. [2]
A quantum jump is the abrupt transition of a quantum system (atom, molecule, atomic nucleus) from one quantum state to another, from one energy level to another. When the system absorbs energy, there is a transition to a higher energy level (); when the system loses energy, there is a transition to a lower energy level.
Electronic transitions are relatively instantaneous compared with the time scale of nuclear motions, therefore if the molecule is to move to a new vibrational level during the electronic transition, this new vibrational level must be instantaneously compatible with the nuclear positions and momenta of the vibrational level of the molecule in ...
Nonradiative transitions are indicated by squiggly arrows and radiative transitions by straight arrows. The vibrational ground states of each electronic state are indicated with thick lines, the higher vibrational states with thinner lines. [2] The diagram is named after the Polish physicist Aleksander Jabłoński who first proposed it in 1933. [3]
Intersystem crossing (ISC) is an isoenergetic radiationless process involving a transition between the two electronic states with different spin multiplicity. [1] Excited electrons can undergo intersystem crossing to a degenerate state with a different spin multiplicity.
Then, the rule is that the amount of energy absorbed by an electron may allow for the electron to be promoted from a vibrational and electronic ground state to a vibrational and electronic excited state. A third rule is the Laporte Rule, which necessitates that the two energy states between which an electron transitions must have different ...
An electric dipole transition is the dominant effect of an interaction of an electron in an atom with the electromagnetic field. Following reference, [ 1 ] consider an electron in an atom with quantum Hamiltonian H 0 {\displaystyle H_{0}} , interacting with a plane electromagnetic wave