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Map of Vilna Ghetto (small ghetto, in olive-green) In order to pacify the predominantly poorer Jewish quarter in the Vilnius Old Town and force the rest of the more affluent Jewish residents into the new German-envisioned ghetto, the Nazis staged – as a pretext – the Great Provocation incident on 31 August 1941, led by SS Einsatzkommando 9 Oberscharführer Horst Schweinberger under orders ...
The current headquarters of YIVO, whose archives the Brigade helped save. The Paper Brigade was the name given to a group of residents of the Vilna Ghetto who hid a large cache of Jewish cultural items from YIVO (the Yiddish Scientific Institute), saving them from destruction or theft by Nazi Germany.
Abba Kovner (back row, centre) with members of the FPO in Vilna. The Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye (Yiddish: פֿאַראײניקטע פּאַרטיזאַנער אָרגאַניזאַציע ; "United Partisan Organization"; Lithuanian: Jungtinė Partizanų Organizacija; referred to as FPO by its Yiddish initials) was a Jewish resistance organization based in the Vilna Ghetto in ...
Mendel Balberyszski (October 5, 1894 in Vilnius – November 19, 1966 in Melbourne) was a Lithuanian Jew, Polish politician and survivor of the Holocaust in Lithuania.He is chiefly known today as the biographer [1] of the destruction of the Vilna Ghetto in his book Stronger Than Iron – The Destruction of Vilna Jewry 1941-1945: An Eyewitness Account.
He was the commander of the Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye (FPO), a resistance group in the Vilna Ghetto which was preparing an uprising should the final moments of the ghetto come. When the Germans learned about the existence of a Communist, Wittenberg, in the ghetto, they made a request to the head of the Jewish council , Jacob Gens ...
Most of the academic research, both at Yad Vashem and in other institutions, has mainly focused on the history of the larger and more well-known ghettos (Warsaw Ghetto, Vilna Ghetto, Lodz Ghetto, Theresienstadt Ghetto etc.). This is despite the fact that more than 1,000 smaller ghettos have never been systematically researched academically (as ...
Josef Glazman [a] (1913 – 7 October 1943 [3]) was a Lithuanian-Jewish resistance leader in the Vilna Ghetto.A member of the Revisionist Zionism movement prior to the German invasion of the Baltic states in 1941, afterward, he took part in the resistance and youth movements in the ghetto.
Martin Weiss. Martin Weiss (21 February 1903 – 30 September 1984) [1] was a German Nazi official and de facto commander of the Vilna Ghetto and a Holocaust perpetrator. He was also the commander of the notorious German - sponsored Ypatingasis būrys killing squad, which was largely responsible for the Ponary massacre where approximately 100,000 people were shot.