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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 O 2. In its pure form, it is a very pale blue [ 5 ] liquid that is slightly more viscous than water . It is used as an oxidizer , bleaching agent, and antiseptic , usually as a dilute solution (3%–6% by weight) in water for consumer use and in higher concentrations for industrial use.
In addition to hydrogen peroxide, some other major classes of peroxides are: Peroxy acids, the peroxy derivatives of many familiar acids, examples being peroxymonosulfuric acid and peracetic acid, and their salts, one example of which is potassium peroxydisulfate. Main group peroxides, compounds with the linkage E−O−O−E (E = main group ...
The use of peroxide compounds in detergents is often reflected in their trade names; for example, Persil is a combination of the words perborate and silicate. Some peroxide salts release oxygen upon reaction with carbon dioxide. This reaction is used in generation of oxygen from exhaled carbon dioxide on submarines and spaceships.
Dialkyl peroxides, e.g., dicumyl peroxide, are synthesized by addition of hydrogen peroxide to alkenes or by O-alkylation of hydroperoxides. Diacyl peroxides are typically prepared by treating hydrogen peroxide with acid chlorides or acid anhydrides in the presence of base: [1] H 2 O 2 + 2 RCOCl → (RCO 2) 2 + 2 HCl H 2 O 2 + (RCO) 2 O → ...
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) is an organic peroxide with the formula [(CH 3)(C 2 H 5)C(O 2 H)] 2 O 2. MEKP is a colorless oily liquid. It is widely used in vulcanization (crosslinking) of polymers. [3] It is derived from the reaction of methyl ethyl ketone and hydrogen peroxide under acidic conditions.
Barium peroxide arises by the reversible reaction of O 2 with barium oxide. The peroxide forms around 500 °C and oxygen is released above 820 °C. [1] 2 BaO + O 2 ⇌ 2 BaO 2. This reaction is the basis for the now-obsolete Brin process for separating oxygen from the atmosphere. Other oxides, e.g. Na 2 O and SrO, behave similarly. [4]
Calcium peroxide or calcium dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CaO 2. It is the peroxide (O 2 2− ) salt of Ca 2+ . Commercial samples can be yellowish, but the pure compound is white.
Benzoyl peroxide is a chemical compound (specifically, an organic peroxide) with structural formula (C 6 H 5 −C(=O)O−) 2, often abbreviated as (BzO) 2. In terms of its structure, the molecule can be described as two benzoyl ( C 6 H 5 −C(=O)− , Bz) groups connected by a peroxide ( −O−O− ).