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Doxycycline, doxycycline monohydrate and doxycycline hyclate are yellow, crystalline powders with a bitter taste. The latter smells faintly of ethanol , a 1% aqueous solution has a pH of 2–3, and the specific rotation is [ α ] D 25 {\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{D}^{25}} −110° cm 3 /dm·g in 0.01 N methanolic hydrochloric acid .
A hyclate (Latin: hyclas) is a pharmaceutical term for hydrochloride hemiethanolate hemihydrate [1] [2] (·HCl· 1 / 2 EtOH· 1 / 2 H 2 O), e.g. doxycycline hyclate. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] References
It is used as a precursor in the industrial synthesis of doxycycline hyclate. [citation needed] It has been found to act as an agonist of the human pregnane X receptor ligand-binding domain and to induce CYP3A4 expression in vitro. [1]
Here are links to possibly useful sources of information about Doxycycline. PubMed provides review articles from the past five years (limit to free review articles) The TRIP database provides clinical publications about evidence-based medicine. Other potential sources include: Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and CDC
Tetracyclines are generally used in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, and the intestines and are also used in the treatment of chlamydia, especially in patients allergic to β-lactams and macrolides; however, their use for these indications is less popular than it once was due to widespread development of resistance in the causative organisms.
It is alleged that the price of 500 doxycycline tablets rose in the US from $20 to $1,849 in just seven months. [ 3 ] On October 31, 2024, Heritage Pharmaceuticals and Apotex agreed to pay $49.1 million to resolve allegations of price-fixing in collusion to artificially raise drug prices as charged by a coalition of 50 state attorneys general .
As of 2004, doxylamine and diphenhydramine, which are both over-the-counter medications, were the agents most commonly used to treat short-term insomnia. [11] As of 2008 and 2017, over-the-counter antihistamines were not recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine for treatment of chronic insomnia "due to the relative lack of efficacy ...
Lymecycline is a tetracycline broad-spectrum antibiotic.It is approximately 5,000 times more soluble than tetracycline base and is unique amongst tetracyclines in that it is absorbed by an active transport process across the intestinal wall, making use of the same fast and efficient mechanism by which carbohydrates are absorbed.