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The fairness doctrine of the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC), introduced in 1949, was a policy that required the holders of broadcast licenses both to present controversial issues of public importance and to do so in a manner that fairly reflected differing viewpoints. [1]
Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission, 395 U.S. 367 (1969), was a seminal First Amendment ruling at the United States Supreme Court.The Supreme Court held that radio broadcasters enjoyed free speech rights under the First Amendment, but those rights could be partially restricted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to maintain the public interest in equitable ...
Program logs. Elimination of program logs, to be replaced by "an annual listing of five to ten issues that the licensee covered together with examples of programming offered in response thereto." Although it influenced a substantial change, the deregulation of radio had no effect on the Fairness Doctrine. [3]
For example, MSG used the loophole to prevent the competing Verizon FiOS service from carrying its high-definition feed. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The FCC began an effort to remove the loophole following complaints by AT&T and considered 4SD's refusal to allow carriage on its U-verse service (but still allowing cable companies in other areas of the city to ...
The article "Some Kind of Hearing" written by Judge Henry Friendly created a list of basic due process rights "that remains highly influential, as to both content and relative priority." [2] The rights, which apply equally to civil due process and criminal due process, are the following: [3] An unbiased tribunal.
In modern constitutional law, the rational basis test is applied to constitutional challenges of both federal law and state law (via the Fourteenth Amendment).This test also applies to both legislative and executive action, whether those actions be of a substantive or procedural nature.
The equal-time rule should not be confused with the now-defunct FCC fairness doctrine, which dealt with presenting balanced points of view on matters of public importance. The Zapple doctrine (part of a specific provision of the fairness doctrine) was similar to the equal-time rule but applied to different political campaign participants. The ...
The Mayflower doctrine hearing was held in late March-early April 1948 and had 49 witnesses testify between the two sides. [2] A decision wasn't made until June 2, 1949, when it was ruled that the Mayflower doctrine was to be repealed. The FCC introduced later that year the Fairness doctrine as a replacement.