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Evacuation models are simulation tools designed to predict the movement and behaviour of individuals during an emergency evacuation. [1] [2] These models are today used to simulate evacuations for several disasters, such as building fires, wildfires, hurricanes, and tsunamis. Thes models have been under development since the late 1970s and they ...
Pedestrian evacuation simulation are popular in the fire safety design of building when a performance based approach is used. [7] Simulations are not primarily methods for optimization. To optimize the geometry of a building or the procedure with respect to evacuation time, a target function has to be specified and minimized.
Generally, the evacuation interval is measured to ensure that it is fast enough, and problems with the emergency system or evacuation procedures are identified so that they may be remedied. In addition to fire drills, most buildings have their fire alarm systems checked on a regular basis to ensure that the system is working.
In preparation for emergency evacuation situations, experts often advise having an individual emergency evacuation kit prepared and on hand prior to the emergency. An emergency evacuation kit is a container of food, clothing, water, and other supplies that can be used to sustain an individual during lag time.
An emergency procedure identifies the responsibilities, actions and resources necessary to deal with an emergency. Once drafted, a procedure may require a consultative period with those who could be involved or affected by the emergency, and a programme set out for testing, training and periodic review.
[[Category:Fire service templates]] to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of that page. Otherwise, add <noinclude>[[Category:Fire service templates]]</noinclude> to the end of the template code, making sure it starts on the same line as the code's last character.
A fire alarm pull station is an active fire protection device, usually wall-mounted, that, when activated, initiates an alarm on a fire alarm system. This is the most common design in North America. This is the most common design in North America.
Emergency exit in Universitetet metro station in Stockholm. An emergency exit in a building or other structure is a special exit used during emergencies such as fires.The combined use of regular and emergency exits allows for faster evacuation, and emergency exits provide alternative means of evacuation if regular exits are inaccessible.