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  2. Capital surplus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_surplus

    According to Companies Act 2006 s.610 [2] in the United Kingdom the share premium account may be used only for certain specific purposes. However, UK company law in this connection was significantly relaxed in 2008 by permitting the share premium account to be converted into share capital and then the share capital to be reduced (effectively allowing the elimination of the share premium ...

  3. Clean surplus accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_Surplus_Accounting

    The clean surplus accounting method provides elements of a forecasting model that yields price as a function of earnings, expected returns, and change in book value. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The theory's primary use is to estimate the value of a company's shares (instead of discounted dividend/cash flow approaches).

  4. Stock valuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_valuation

    Stock valuation is the method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks.The main use of these methods is to predict future market prices, or more generally, potential market prices, and thus to profit from price movement – stocks that are judged undervalued (with respect to their theoretical value) are bought, while stocks that are judged overvalued are sold, in the ...

  5. Gross premiums written - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_premiums_written

    [confusing] The nature and timing of reinsurance and other transactions can lead to the net premium written being negative, but this is likely to be temporary. Under accrual-basis accounting, only premiums pertaining to the relevant accounting period are recognized as revenues. These premiums are called net premiums earned.

  6. Share capital - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Share_capital

    In accounting, the share capital of a corporation is the nominal value of issued shares (that is, the sum of their par values, sometimes indicated on share certificates).). If the allocation price of shares is greater than the par value, as in a rights issue, the shares are said to be sold at a premium (variously called share premium, additional paid-in capital or paid-in capital in excess of p

  7. Reserve (accounting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_(accounting)

    A reserve can appear in any part of shareholders' equity except for contributed or basic share capital. In nonprofit accounting, an "operating reserve" is the unrestricted cash on hand available to sustain an organization, and nonprofit boards usually specify a target of maintaining several months of operating cash or a percentage of their ...

  8. Rate of return - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_return

    The return, or the holding period return, can be calculated over a single period.The single period may last any length of time. The overall period may, however, instead be divided into contiguous subperiods. This means that there is more than one time period, each sub-period beginning at the point in time where the previous one ended. In such a case, where there are

  9. Accounting period - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounting_period

    Monthly accounting periods are common. In financial accounting the accounting period is determined by regulation and is usually 12 months. The beginning of the accounting period differs according to jurisdiction. For example, one entity may follow the calendar year, January to December, while another may follow April to March as the accounting ...