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  2. Greek alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet

    The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to have developed distinct letters for consonants as well as vowels. [5]

  3. Modern Greek phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Greek_phonology

    The only Greek rhotic /r/ is prototypically an alveolar tap , often retracted ([ɾ̠]). It may be an alveolar approximant intervocalically, and is usually a trill in clusters, with two or three short cycles. [8] Greek has palatals [c, ɟ, ç, ʝ] which are allophones of the velar consonants /k, ɡ, x, ɣ/ before the front vowels /e, i/.

  4. Archaic Greek alphabets - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaic_Greek_alphabets

    [1] [2] The local, so-called epichoric, alphabets differed in many ways: in the use of the consonant symbols Χ, Φ and Ψ; in the use of the innovative long vowel letters (Ω and Η), in the absence or presence of Η in its original consonant function (/h/); in the use or non-use of certain archaic letters (Ϝ = /w/, Ϙ = /k/, Ϻ = /s/); and ...

  5. Ancient Greek phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_phonology

    Ancient Greek phonology is the reconstructed phonology or pronunciation of Ancient Greek.This article mostly deals with the pronunciation of the standard Attic dialect of the fifth century BC, used by Plato and other Classical Greek writers, and touches on other dialects spoken at the same time or earlier.

  6. Phoenician alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet

    When alphabetic writing began, with the early Greek alphabet, the letter forms were similar but not identical to Phoenician, and vowels were added to the consonant-only Phoenician letters. There were also distinct variants of the writing system in different parts of Greece, primarily in how those Phoenician characters that did not have an exact ...

  7. Ancient Greek verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_verbs

    To make the perfect tense the first consonant is "reduplicated", that is, repeated with the vowel e (λέλυκα (léluka) "I have freed", γέγραφα (gégrapha) "I have written"), or in some cases an augment is used in lieu of reduplication (e.g. ηὕρηκα (hēúrēka) "I have found"). Unlike the augment of past tenses, this ...

  8. Linear B - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_B

    In the case of clusters of two or three consonants that do not follow the initial s-and -w rule or the double consonants: ξ (ks or x), ψ (ps) and q u s (which later did not exist in classical Greek), each consonant in the cluster is represented by a type CV sign that shares its consonant value: ko-no-so for Knōsos, [note 7] or ku-ru-so for ...

  9. History of the Greek alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Greek_alphabet

    However, Greek had an aspiration distinction that Phoenician lacked, and used ṭēth for the aspirated [tʰ]. The Phoenician consonants kaph and qōph represented sounds that were not distinctive in Greek—at most, they may have been identified with allophones determined by the following vowel.