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Carlos Polestico Garcia KR (Tagalog: [ˈkaːɾ.los poˌlɛːs.tɪˈxo gɐɾˈsiː.ɐ]; November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971), often referred to by his initials CPG, was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, political economist, guerrilla and Commonwealth military leader who was the eighth President of the Philippines.
Amending Executive Order No. 361 dated October 12, 1959, entitled "Promulgating rules and regulations for the implementation of the proposals of Filipinos residing in the United States to invest in the economic development program of the Philippines" 370 Creating the municipality of Salvador in the province of Lanao del Norte: January 13, 1960 371
President Carlos P. Garcia introduced the Filipino First policy. The policy of Garcia, was a response to the impact of free trade and American economic dominance in the Philippines for years following the World War II. It is meant to assert greater Filipino role over the country's economy if not to gain control of it by promoting "Filipino ...
In connection with the government's goal of self-sufficiency was the "Austerity Program," which President Garcia described in his first State of the NatIon Address as "more work, more thrift, more productive investment, and more efficiency" that aimed to mobilize national savings. [43]
New high-yielding crop varieties and new irrigation and mechanization techniques brought growth to the agriculture sector. International collaboration for new agricultural technologies was pursued, most notably with the International Rice Research Institute founded in 1960 under the administration of Carlos P. Garcia. [13] [14]
[62]: 63 Garcia continued Magsaysay's "Filipino First" policy [67]: 69 and implemented an austerity program. [68] Garcia was defeated by his vice president, Diosdado Macapagal of the Liberal Party, in 1961. Macapagal initiated a return to a system of free enterprise, and sought land reform and electrification.
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He also planned to continue President Garcia's "Austerity Program" with his slogan of "simple living". [22] However, this plan was undermined by his fellow Kapampangans and other members of the elite for they threw luxurious parties for him. [22] Thus, Macapagal's "simple living" turned out to be mere rhetoric and only was true for the poor. [23]