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As a venous sinus, the cavernous sinus receives blood from the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins and from superficial cortical veins, and is connected to the basilar plexus of veins posteriorly. The cavernous sinus drains by two larger channels, the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses , ultimately into the internal jugular vein via the ...
The superficial middle cerebral vein (superficial Sylvian vein) begins on the lateral surface of the hemisphere.It runs along the lateral sulcus [1] to empty into either the cavernous sinus, [1] [2] or sphenoparietal sinus. [1]
lateral wall of the cavernous sinus superomedially; clivus medially; posterior petrous face inferolaterally; Within the dural confines of the trigeminal cave, there is a continuation of subarachnoid space along the posterior aspect of the cave, representing a continuation of the cerebral basal cisterns. [1]
Oblique section through the cavernous sinus. The cavernous segment, or C4, of the internal carotid artery begins at the petrolingual ligament and extends to the proximal dural ring, which is formed by the medial and inferior periosteum of the anterior clinoid process. The cavernous segment is surrounded by the cavernous sinus.
Medially to the trigeminal ganglion are the internal carotid artery, and the posterior part of the cavernous sinus. [2] The motor root of the trigeminal nerve passes beneath the trigeminal ganglion to exit the skull through the foramen ovale. [2] The greater petrosal nerve passes underneath the trigeminal ganglion to reach the foramen lacerum.
An MRI using flow parameters and an MR venogram are more sensitive than a CT scan and are the imaging studies of choice to diagnose cavernous sinus thrombosis. Findings may include deformity of the internal carotid artery within the cavernous sinus, and an obvious signal hyperintensity within thrombosed vascular sinuses on all pulse sequences.
The medial angle of the eye, nose and lips (known as the danger triangle of the face) usually drain through the facial vein, via the superior ophthalmic vein through the cavernous sinus. An infection of the face may spread to the cavernous sinus through the superior ophthalmic vein. [6] This can cause cavernous sinus thrombosis. [6]
One notable emissary vein, the vein of Vesalius, travels through the sphenoidal emissary foramen inferior to the zygomatic arch, connecting the pterygoid plexus with the cavernous sinus. [3] This is an important route for the spread of infection as cranial nerve VI and the internal carotid pass through the cavernous sinus, with cranial nerves ...