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  2. Brass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brass

    Islamic Golden Age brass astrolabe Brass lectern with an eagle. Attributed to Aert van Tricht, Limburg (Netherlands), c. 1500.. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, in proportions which can be varied to achieve different colours and mechanical, electrical, acoustic and chemical properties, [1] but copper typically has the larger proportion, generally 66% copper and 34% zinc.

  3. List of copper alloys - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_copper_alloys

    Copper alloys are metal alloys that have copper as their principal component. They have high resistance against corrosion . Of the large number of different types, the best known traditional types are bronze , where tin is a significant addition, and brass , using zinc instead.

  4. Pinchbeck (alloy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinchbeck_(alloy)

    Pinchbeck is a form of brass, an alloy of copper and zinc mixed in proportions so that it closely resembles gold in appearance. It was invented in the early 18th century by Christopher Pinchbeck (died 1732), a London clock- and watch-maker. [ 1 ]

  5. Latten - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latten

    Brass of this period is made through the calamine brass process, from copper and zinc ore. (Later brass was made with zinc metal from Champion's smelting process and is not generally referred to as "latten".) This calamine brass was generally manufactured as hammered sheet or "battery brass" (hammered by a "battery" of water-powered trip ...

  6. Spelter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelter

    An inexpensive alloy that is easily cast and worked, spelter was used from the 1860s in the manufacture of candlesticks, clock cases, tableware, and light fixtures. In the early 20th century, sculptors such as Jacques Limousin used spelter heavily in their manufacture of Art Nouveau and Art Deco figurines and other ornaments.

  7. Kalai (process) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalai_(process)

    A copper object with copper carbonate on its surface. Earlier, copper and brass vessels were used because of their high conductivity. [6] High conductivity of copper vessels reduces the fuel cost. However, a chemical reaction between copper and oxygen called oxidization turns the copper vessels black. [7]

  8. Gunmetal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunmetal

    Gunmetal ingot is a related alloy in which the zinc is replaced by 2% lead; this makes the alloy easier to cast but it has less strength. [2]Modified gunmetal contains lead in addition to the zinc; it is typically composed of 86% copper, 9.5% tin, 2.5% lead, and 2% zinc.

  9. Patina - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patina

    Patina (/ p ə ˈ t iː n ə / pə-TEE-nə or / ˈ p æ t ɪ n ə / PAT-ih-nə) is a thin layer that variously forms on the surface of copper, brass, bronze, and similar metals and metal alloys (tarnish produced by oxidation or other chemical processes), or certain stones [1] and wooden furniture (sheen produced by age, wear, and polishing), or ...