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Volatility risk is the risk of an adverse change of price, due to changes in the volatility of a factor affecting that price. It usually applies to derivative instruments , and their portfolios, where the volatility of the underlying asset is a major influencer of option prices .
actual historical volatility which refers to the volatility of a financial instrument over a specified period but with the last observation on a date in the past near synonymous is realized volatility , the square root of the realized variance , in turn calculated using the sum of squared returns divided by the number of observations.
The volatility is the degree of its price fluctuations. A share which fluctuates 5% on either side on daily basis has more volatility than stable blue chip shares whose fluctuation is more benign at 2–3%. Volatility affects calls and puts alike. Higher volatility increases the option premium because of the greater risk it brings to the seller.
Volatility is the most important input in risk management models and pricing models. Uncertainty on volatility leads to model risk. Derman believes that products whose value depends on a volatility smile are most likely to suffer from model risk. He writes "I would think it's safe to say that there is no area where model risk is more of an ...
Here the price of the underlying instrument is usually modelled such that it follows a geometric Brownian motion with constant drift and volatility. So: d S t = μ S t d t + σ S t d W t {\displaystyle dS_{t}=\mu S_{t}\,dt+\sigma S_{t}\,dW_{t}\,} , where d W t {\displaystyle dW_{t}\,} is found via a random sampling from a normal distribution ...
For an investment that involves risk to be worthwhile, its returns must be higher than a risk-free investment. The risk is related to volatility. A measure of the factors influencing an investment's volatility is the beta. The beta is a measure of the risk arising from exposure to general market movements as opposed to idiosyncratic factors.
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