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Italy took the initiative in entering the war in spring 1915, despite strong popular and elite sentiment in favor of neutrality. Italy was a large, poor country whose political system was chaotic, its finances were heavily strained, and its army was very poorly prepared. [160] The Triple Alliance meant little either to Italians or Austrians.
He was Italy's foreign minister from 1903 until 1909, except for a five-month period. He also was interim prime minister for about two weeks in March 1905, [ 1 ] making him the shortest-serving prime minister in the history of Italy.
Of the 60 prime ministers, eight served more than 5 years, while seventeen served less than a year. Benito Mussolini is the longest-serving head of government, having settled a dictatorship and ruled the country for a record of 20 years and 267 days; [1] Tommaso Tittoni was the shortest-serving prime minister, having governed for 16 days only in 1905.
The longest-serving prime minister in the history of Italy was Benito Mussolini, who ruled the country from 1922 until 1943; [13] the longest-serving prime minister of the Italian Republic is Silvio Berlusconi, who held the position for more than nine years between 1994 and 2011. [14]
The history of Italy goes back to numerous Italic peoples, notably including the ancient Romans, who conquered the Mediterranean world during the Roman Republic and ruled it for centuries during the Roman Empire. [16] With the spread of Christianity, Rome became the seat of the Catholic Church and the Papacy.
The conclave of 1939 was the shortest of the 20th century. [1] It was also the last to include all living cardinals. Pacelli was the first Pope born in Rome since Innocent XIII , in 1721, and the first member of the Roman Curia to become Pontiff since Gregory XVI (1831).
The history of early modern Italy roughly corresponds to the period from the Renaissance to the Congress of Vienna in 1814. The following period was characterized by political and social unrest which then led to the unification of Italy , which culminated in 1861 with the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy .
The Italy national football team wins its fourth FIFA World Cup in Germany. September: Italy's engagement is pivotal in the deployment of the UNIFIL peace force after the 2006 Lebanon War. December: Italian government withdraws its troops from Iraq, ending the Operation Ancient Babylon. 2008: Berlusconi's third term as prime minister begins ...