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Artificial satellites and space probes in the 1970s Year Origin Name Target Status Description 1970 Japan: Ohsumi: Earth: Success: First Japanese satellite. Japan became the fourth nation after the USSR, USA and France to successfully put an artificial satellite into orbit on its own. West Germany: DIAL Earth Success Second German satellite.
Space probes are satellites designed for robotic space exploration outside of Earth, and space stations are in essence crewed satellites. The first artificial satellite launched into the Earth's orbit was the Soviet Union's Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957. As of December 31, 2022, there are 6,718 operational satellites in the Earth's orbit, of ...
Gravitational accelerations at L 4. The Hill sphere is the region in which an astronomical body dominates the attraction of satellites. Of the Solar System planets, Neptune and Uranus have the largest Hill spheres, due to the lessened gravitational influence of the Sun at their far orbits, however all of the giant planets have Hill spheres in the vicinity of 100 million kilometres in radius.
To avoid confusion, geosynchronous satellites that are not in geostationary orbit are sometimes referred to as being in an inclined geostationary orbit (IGSO). Some of these satellites are separated from each other by as little as 0.1° longitude. This corresponds to an inter-satellite spacing of approximately 73 km.
"Lunar Far-Side Communication Satellites" Earth–Moon L 2: NASA: Proposed in 1968 for communications on the far side of the Moon during the Apollo program, mainly to enable an Apollo landing on the far side—neither the satellites nor the landing were ever realized. [45] Space colonization and manufacturing Earth–Moon L 4 or L 5 —
Proba-3 is a first-of-its-kind mission to position spacecraft to within 1 millimetre precision
Series 3 satellites are Sun-synchronous and series 2 and 4 satellites are geosynchronous. Formosat-5: Active Taiwan’s National Space Organization (NSPO) 2017 Gaofen-2: Active CNSA: 2014 Gaofen-3: Active CNSA: 2016 GOES-16 and 17: Active NASA 2016 Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite. Collects weather observations. See also: List ...
A pair of European satellites rocketed into orbit Thursday on the first mission to create artificial solar eclipses through fancy formation flying in space. “We are a very happy science team ...