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Fertilization takes place in the cocoon and the cocoon is deposited in a small chamber in the soil adjacent to the parental burrow. After a few weeks, young worms emerge and begin to feed in the soil. In the early juvenile phase, the worms do not develop the vertical burrows typical of adults.
Vermicast (also called worm castings, [a] worm humus, worm poop, worm manure, or worm faeces) is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by earthworms. [1] These excreta have been shown to contain reduced levels of contaminants and a higher saturation of nutrients than the organic materials before vermicomposting.
Lumbricus rubellus naturally lives in soils high in organic matter, preferably dung and feces. [2] The worms require loose soil to burrow in and soil moist enough for gas exchange. [ 3 ] Further requirements include such abiotic factors as pH and temperature.
D. hortensis is sold primarily as a bait worm, but its popularity as a composting worm is increasing. [2] It was considered part of Eisenia until 2003. [3] It is also formerly considered part of the similar Dendrobaena veneta, [1] but now just part of the species complex. Both are useful compost worms. [4]
Anglers sometimes find that worms are more effective bait than artificial flies, and worms can be kept for several days in a tin lined with damp moss. [52] Ragworms are commercially important as bait and as food sources for aquaculture, and there have been proposals to farm them in order to reduce over-fishing of their natural populations. [51]
Clam worms are an important food source for bottom-feeding fish and crustaceans, though they also feed on different species of aquatic plants such as algae and diatoms. [6] By feeding on organic matter and types of waste and debris that is in the surrounding water the worm is commonly classified as a deposit feeder, more specifically omnivorous ...