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Black powder cartridge rifle (BPCR) refers to modern shooting sports which employ black powder cartridge rifles. These firearms, often of the type referred to as " buffalo rifles ", are single-shot firearms using a fixed metallic cartridge containing black powder , which launch heavy projectiles at relatively low velocities.
In the modern era, the cartridge has gained favor for metallic silhouette shooting and Black Powder Cartridge Rifle matches where it serves as a low-recoil alternative to the common 45–70. [3] [4] It was commercially available in black and smokeless varieties until around 1935, and can be handloaded by reforming .45-70 brass. [2]
The .45-70 (11.6x53mmR), also known as the .45-70 Government, .45-70 Springfield, and .45-2 1 ⁄ 10" Sharps, is a .45 caliber rifle cartridge originally holding 70 grains of black powder that was developed at the U.S. Army's Springfield Armory for use in the Springfield Model 1873.
The .50-90 Sharps (13x64mmR), also known as the .50-2 1 ⁄ 2" Sharps, is a black-powder rifle cartridge that was introduced by Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company in 1872 as a buffalo (American bison) hunting round. Like other large black-powder rounds, it incorporates a heavy bullet and a large powder volume, leading to high muzzle energies.
However, it has been said that in a modern rifle it can be loaded to equal the .30-30 Winchester up to 300 yards (270 m). [ 3 ] In 2020, a Model 1894 Winchester rifle made in 1912 chambered in .32-40 Winchester was used by David J. LaPell in the Adirondack Mountains of New York to shoot a whitetail buck at the distance of approximately 60 yards.
The .38-55 Ballard was originally a Black-powder cartridge as used in Ballard and Marlin Firearms from 1876 onwards for various single-shot target rifles. Their 1893 lever-action rifle was also available in 38-55 using a Black-powder only barrel, or another barrel designated "Special Smokeless Steel" capable of safely using 38-55 cartridges ...
Both cartridges were developed by Bristol gunmaker George Gibbs for use in his Gibbs–Farquharson–Metford single shot rifles built on the Farquharson falling block action, although Gibbs also built double rifles with Metford barrels chambering these cartridges. The .461 No 1 Gibbs was designed around 1879–1880, whilst the .461 No 2 Gibbs ...
The .577 BPE originated around 1870 with the 2 1 ⁄ 2-inch variant. [1]The 3-inch cartridge has survived to the current day as the .577 Nitro for Black, the same cartridge loaded with mild loadings of modern smokeless powder, carefully balanced through trial to replicate the ballistics of the Black powder version.