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Gravitaxis (or geotaxis [1]) is a form of taxis characterized by the directional movement of an organism in response to gravity. [2] There are a few different causes for gravitaxis. Many microorganisms have receptors like statocysts that allow them to sense the direction of gravity and to adjust their orientation accordingly. However ...
The following is a list of antibiotics. The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic . Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing.
ATC code J01 Antibacterials for systemic use is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
Pleuromutilin was discovered as an antibiotic in 1951. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is derived from the fungi Omphalina mutila (formerly Pleurotus mutilus ) and Clitopilus passeckerianus (formerly Pleurotus passeckerianus ), [ 3 ] and has also been found in Drosophila subatrata , Clitopilus scyphoides , and some other Clitopilus species.
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.
Drosophila melanogaster possesses a comparatively simple gut microbiota, consisting of only few bacterial species, mainly from two bacterial taxonomic groups: Bacillota and Pseudomonadota. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The most common species belong to the families Lactobacillaceae (abundance of approx. 30%, members of the Bacillota) and Acetobacteraceae (approx ...
Evidence for the innate response of positive phototaxis in Drosophila melanogaster was carried out by altering the wings of several individual specimens, both physically (via removal) and genetically (via mutation). In both cases there was a noticeable lack of positive phototaxis, demonstrating that flying toward light sources is an innate ...
Self-prescribing of antibiotics is an example of misuse. [106] Many antibiotics are frequently prescribed to treat symptoms or diseases that do not respond to antibiotics or that are likely to resolve without treatment. Also, incorrect or suboptimal antibiotics are prescribed for certain bacterial infections.