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The base of a Yellow Birch trunk. In botany, the trunk (or bole) is the stem and main wooden axis of a tree, [1] which is an important feature in tree identification, and which often differs markedly from the bottom of the trunk to the top, depending on the species. The trunk is the most important part of the tree for timber production.
Petrifaction is the result of a tree or tree-like plants having been replaced by stone via a mineralization process that often includes permineralization and replacement. [1] The organic materials making up cell walls have been replicated with minerals (mostly silica in the form of opal , chalcedony , or quartz ).
Tree stump, about 37 years after falling. After a tree has been cut and has fallen, the stump or tree stump is usually a small remaining portion of the trunk with the roots still in the ground. Stumps may show the age-defining rings of a tree. The study of these rings is known as dendrochronology. Stump sculpture by German artist Eberhard Bosslet
A transverse section through a tree trunk or a horizontal core will show concentric circles of lighter or darker wood – tree rings. [68] These rings are the annual growth rings [69] [70] There may also be rays running at right angles to growth rings. These are vascular rays which are thin sheets of living tissue permeating the wood. [68]
The stump (and tap root) that is left in the ground after a tree has fallen or has been cut is the primary source of fatwood, as the resin-impregnated heartwood becomes hard and rot-resistant after the tree has died. Wood from other locations can also be used, such as the joints where limbs intersect the trunk.
The girth of a tree is usually much easier to measure than the height, as it is a simple matter of stretching a tape round the trunk, and pulling it taut to find the circumference. Despite this, UK tree author Alan Mitchell made the following comment about measurements of yew trees: The aberrations of past measurements of yews are beyond belief.
Tree girth measurement diagram. Tree girth is a measurement of the circumference of tree trunk. It is one of the most ancient, quickest, and simplest of foresters' measures of size and records of growth of living and standing trees. The methods and equipment have been standardized differently in different countries.
Trunk in sectional view Redwood cone scales begin to open mid November, with seeds dispersing by the wind.. Sequoia sempervirens (/ s ə ˈ k w ɔɪ. ə ˌ s ɛ m p ər ˈ v aɪ r ən z /) [3] is the sole living species of the genus Sequoia in the cypress family Cupressaceae (formerly treated in Taxodiaceae).