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Coeliac disease (British English) or celiac disease (American English) is a long-term autoimmune disorder, primarily affecting the small intestine, where individuals develop intolerance to gluten, present in foods such as wheat, rye, spelt and barley. [10]
Children with celiac disease often present with symptoms like abdominal distension or bloating, as well as failure to thrive, anemia and diarrhea. Because these symptoms are vague and can be related to many other conditions or food allergies, celiac disease can be difficult to diagnose unless there is a family history to help as a cue.
After working in Zurich, Salvatore Auricchio went on to establish an important center in Naples which focused research on celiac disease, the physiology of absorption, and oral re hydration therapy. In a center located in Brussels, led by E. Eggermont and Helmuth Loeb, Samy Cadranel started developing the concept of endoscopy in children. [1]
The results of a 2017 study suggest that non-celiac gluten sensitivity may be a chronic disorder, as is the case with celiac disease. [ 42 ] For people with wheat allergy , the individual average is six years of gluten-free diet, excepting persons with anaphylaxis, for whom the diet is to be wheat-free for life.
This condition is known as refractory coeliac disease (RCD), defined as malabsorption due to gluten-related enteropathy (villous atrophy or elevated intraepitheal lymphocytes) after initial or subsequent failure of a strict gluten-free diet (usually 1 year) and after exclusion of any disorder mimicking coeliac disease.
"Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Celiac Disease in Children: Recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition". Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 40 (1): 1– 19. doi: 10.1097/00005176-200501000-00001. PMID 15625418. S2CID 14805217.
Children with conditions that interfere with their ability to absorb nutrients, like Crohn's disease, celiac disease and other inflammatory conditions of the intestines, may also struggle to grow ...
For instance, leading causes of chronic diarrhea in developing countries are infections of the intestine. In developed countries, chronic diarrhea has a diverse range of causes such as chronic infection of the intestines, autoimmune enteropathy, and inability to absorb nutrients via celiac disease, food sensitivities, etc. [12]