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In geometry, an n-gonal antiprism or n-antiprism is a polyhedron composed of two parallel direct copies (not mirror images) of an n-sided polygon, connected by an alternating band of 2n triangles. They are represented by the Conway notation An. Antiprisms are a subclass of prismatoids, and are a (degenerate) type of snub polyhedron.
In chemistry, the capped square antiprismatic molecular geometry describes the shape of compounds where nine atoms, groups of atoms, or ligands are arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of a gyroelongated square pyramid. The symmetry group of the resulting object is C 4v
A crossed square antiprism is a star polyhedron, topologically identical to the square antiprism with the same vertex arrangement, but it can't be made uniform; the sides are isosceles triangles. Its vertex configuration is 3.3/2.3.4, with one triangle retrograde.
The steric number of a central atom in a molecule is the number of atoms bonded to that central atom, called its coordination number, plus the number of lone pairs of valence electrons on the central atom. [11] In the molecule SF 4, for example, the central sulfur atom has four ligands; the coordination number of sulfur is four. In addition to ...
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If p/q is an integer, i.e. if q = 1, the prism or antiprism is convex. (The fraction is always assumed to be stated in lowest terms.) An antiprism with p/q < 2 is crossed or retrograde; its vertex figure resembles a bowtie. If p/q < 3/2 no uniform antiprism can exist, as its vertex figure would have to violate the triangle inequality.
Notes: Two of these polyhedra may be constructed from the first two snub polyhedra in the list starting with the icosahedron : the pentagonal antiprism is a parabidiminished icosahedron and a pentagrammic crossed-antiprism is a parabidiminished great icosahedron, also known as a parabireplenished great icosahedron .
Coxeter, Longuet-Higgins & Miller (1954) define uniform polyhedra to be vertex-transitive polyhedra with regular faces. They define a polyhedron to be a finite set of polygons such that each side of a polygon is a side of just one other polygon, such that no non-empty proper subset of the polygons has the same property.