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In 1988, the Israeli botanist Daniel Zohary and the German botanist Maria Hopf formulated their founder crops hypothesis. They proposed that eight plant species were domesticated by early Neolithic farming communities in Southwest Asia (Fertile Crescent) and went on to form the basis of agricultural economies across much of Eurasia, including Southwest Asia, South Asia, Europe, and North ...
The domestication of animals and plants was triggered by the climatic and environmental changes that occurred after the peak of the Last Glacial Maximum and which continue to this present day. These changes made obtaining food by hunting and gathering difficult. [12] The first animal to be domesticated was the dog at least 15,000 years ago. [1]
Common wheat was first domesticated in West Asia during the early Holocene, and spread from there to North Africa, Europe and East Asia in the prehistoric period. [citation needed] Naked wheats (including Triticum aestivum, T. durum, and T. turgidum) were found in Roman burial sites ranging from 100 BCE to 300 CE.
Wheat is a group of wild and domesticated grasses of the genus Triticum (/ ˈ t r ɪ t ɪ k ə m /). [3] They are cultivated for their cereal grains, which are staple foods around the world.
7000 BC – Cultivation of wheat, sesame, barley, and eggplant in Mehrgarh (modern day Pakistan). 7000 BC – Domestication of cattle and chicken in Mehrgarh, modern day Pakistan. 6800 BC – Rice domesticated in southeast Asia. 6500 BC – Evidence of cattle domestication in Turkey. [2] Some sources say this happened earlier in other parts of ...
Additionally, the regionally important poultry animal Guinea Fowl was domesticated in West Africa. Some of these crops were domesticated at least 4,500 years ago. [3] Around 4000 BCE the climate of the Sahara and the Sahel started to become drier at an exceedingly fast pace.
A Vavilov Center (of Diversity) is a region of the world first indicated by Nikolai Vavilov to be an original center for the domestication of plants. [3] For crop plants, Nikolai Vavilov identified differing numbers of centers: three in 1924, five in 1926, six in 1929, seven in 1931, eight in 1935 and reduced to seven again in 1940.
The domestic form is known as petit épeautre in French, Einkorn in German, "einkorn" or "littlespelt" in English, piccolo farro in Italian and escanda menor in Spanish. [2] The name refers to the fact that each spikelet contains only one grain. Einkorn wheat was one of the first plants to be domesticated and cultivated.