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Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices.It encompasses a wide range of viewpoints drawn from various philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, religious skepticism, rationalism, secularism, and non-religious spirituality.
Conway Hall, home of the Conway Hall Ethical Society, is the oldest freethought community in the world (established 1793).. Irreligious organizations promote the view that moral standards should be based solely on naturalistic considerations, without reference to supernatural concepts (such as God or an afterlife), any desire to do good for a reward after death, or any fear of punishment for ...
In the United States, between 6% and 11% of the population demonstrated nonreligious attitudes and naturalistic worldviews, namely atheists or agnostics. [2]: 1 [1]: 18 [3] [4] 24% of people who do not believe in God or a universal spirit call themselves atheists. [5]
In the Ottoman Empire, it was usually applied to Orthodox Christians. [121] [122] Heathen A person who does not belong to a widely held religion (especially one who is not a Christian, Jewish, or Muslim) as regarded by those who do. [123] Infidel A term used generally for non-believers. [124] Kafir A person who is a non believer. [125]
Stemming from the Pact of Umar and literally meaning "protected individuals", it is often argued that non-Muslims possessing the dhimmi status in medieval Islamic societies enjoyed greater freedoms than non-Christians in most medieval European societies, while duly noting that the protection was limited because of regulation by and obligations ...
What does the expression mean? If someone has “free rein,” they basically have the freedom to do whatever they want. The expression is often followed by “to,” as in, “I have free rein to ...
Christians used the term infidel to describe those perceived as the enemies of Christianity. After the ancient world, the concept of otherness, an exclusionary notion of the outside by societies with more or less coherent cultural boundaries, became associated with the development of the monotheistic and prophetic religions of Judaism ...
Two of the Supreme Court's conservatives said religious organizations should be exempt from non-discrimination laws and free to hire only people who share their beliefs.