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Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis. Also known as " sleeping sickness " or " sleepy sickness " (distinct from tsetse fly –transmitted sleeping sickness ), it was first described in 1917 by neurologist Constantin von Economo [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and pathologist Jean-René Cruchet . [ 4 ]
Encephalitis lethargica is identified by high fever, headache, delayed physical response, and lethargy. Individuals can exhibit upper body weakness, muscular pains, and tremors, though the cause of encephalitis lethargica is not currently known. From 1917 to 1928, an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica occurred worldwide. [10]
In 1969, Dr. Malcolm Sayer is a dedicated and caring physician at a local hospital in the New York City borough of the Bronx.After working extensively with the catatonic patients who survived the 1919–1930 epidemic of encephalitis lethargica, Sayer discovers that certain stimuli will reach beyond the patients' respective catatonic states.
Encephalitis lethargica is a neurological syndrome that causes lethargy, a “mask like” face, excessive blood in the meninges, and other general neurological symptoms. [5] Officially recognized as its own condition in 1917, it is believed to have existed far longer in human history. [ 5 ]
Historically, starting in 1917 an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica, also called von Economo's encephalitis or "sleepy-disease" occurred, possibly related to the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic; however, even with the use of modern molecular diagnostic tests on appropriate corpses, no firm link between encephalitis lethargica and influenza has been ...
Klazomania (from the Greek κλάζω ("klazo")—to scream) refers to compulsive shouting; [1] it has features resembling the complex tics such as echolalia, palilalia and coprolalia seen in tic disorders, but has been seen in people with encephalitis lethargica, alcohol use disorder, and carbon monoxide poisoning. [2]
Oliver Wolf Sacks (9 July 1933 – 30 August 2015) was a British neurologist, naturalist, historian of science, and writer. [2] Born in London, Sacks received his medical degree in 1958 from The Queen's College, Oxford, before moving to the United States, where he spent most of his career.
Awakenings is a 1973 non-fiction book by Oliver Sacks.It recounts the life histories of those who had been victims of the 1920s encephalitis lethargica epidemic. [1] Sacks chronicles his efforts in the late 1960s to help these patients at the Beth Abraham Hospital (now Beth Abraham Center for Rehabilitation and Nursing) in the Bronx, New York. [2]