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The GPCC drought index provides SPEI datasets at a 1.0° spatial resolution for limited timescales (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 months). [5] Inputs to SPEI datasets can include high-resolution potential evapotranspiration (PET) from the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) and hourly Potential Evapotranspiration (hPET). GLEAM is a set ...
In 1948, C. W. Thornthwaite proposed an AI defined as: = where the water deficiency is calculated as the sum of the monthly differences between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration for those months when the normal precipitation is less than the normal evapotranspiration; and where stands for the sum of monthly values of potential evapotranspiration for the deficient months (after ...
Average monthly precipitation (in mm) for selected cities in Asia ; City Country Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Ref. Mawsynram: India: 133.0 8.3 15.7 27.4 29.8 26.0 5.7
Guam's climate is moderated by east to northeast trade winds through the year. The average annual rainfall for the island is 86 inches (2,200 mm). [74] There is a distinct dry season from January to June, and a rainy season from July to December. [75] Typhoons frequent the island, which can lead to excessive rainfall. During El Niño years, dry ...
Drylands are zones where precipitation is balanced by evaporation from surfaces and by transpiration by plants (evapotranspiration). [1] The United Nations Environment Program defines drylands as tropical and temperate areas with an aridity index of less than 0.65. [2] One can classify drylands into four sub-types: Dry sub-humid lands; Semi ...
In general, a WUS is a water construct of a user, such as a city, an industry, an irrigation zone, or a region, and not a geographic area. The schematic of a WUS shows the inflows and the outflows. For a WUS, change in storage is negligible (relative to its inflow) under a proper time interval, hence water balance becomes inflow equal to ...
Monthly estimated potential evapotranspiration and measured pan evaporation for two locations in Hawaii, Hilo and Pahala. Potential evapotranspiration is usually measured indirectly, from other climatic factors, but also depends on the surface type, such as free water (for lakes and oceans), the soil type for bare soil, and also the density and diversity of vegetation.
Pan evaporation is a measurement that combines or integrates the effects of several climate elements: temperature, humidity, rain fall, drought dispersion, solar radiation, and wind. Evaporation is greatest on hot, windy, dry, sunny days; and is greatly reduced when clouds block the sun and when air is cool, calm, and humid. [ 1 ]