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Compared to the first coordination sphere, the second coordination sphere has a less direct influence on the reactivity and chemical properties of the metal complex. Nonetheless the second coordination sphere is relevant to understanding reactions of the metal complex, including the mechanisms of ligand exchange and catalysis.
The coordination geometry of thallium(I) is not experimentally known, but it is likely to be hemidirected with a large gap in the coordination sphere. [27] Silicon is likewise not a metal, and silicon(IV) is a strong enough acid to deprotonate bound OH −. Thus various forms of hydrated silica (silicic acid) form. [43]
Prominent reactions of metal hydroxides are their acid-base behavior. Protonation of metal hydroxides gives aquo complexes: L n M−OH + H + ⇌ L n M−OH + 2 where L n is the ligand complement on the metal M. Thus, aquo ligand is a weak acid, of comparable strength to acetic acid (pK a of about 4.8). [6]
Cisplatin, PtCl 2 (NH 3) 2, is a coordination complex of platinum(II) with two chloride and two ammonia ligands.It is one of the most successful anticancer drugs. A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands ...
In chemistry, metal aquo complexes are coordination compounds containing metal ions with only water as a ligand. These complexes are the predominant species in aqueous solutions of many metal salts, such as metal nitrates, sulfates, and perchlorates. They have the general stoichiometry [M(H 2 O) n] z+.
This intermediate is then heated to induce coordination of one of the outer sphere chloride ligands: [Co(NH 3) 5 (OH 2)]Cl 3 → [Co(NH 3) 5 Cl]Cl 2 + H 2 O. The dication [Co(NH 3) 5 Cl] 2+ has idealized C 4v symmetry. [3] [4] In an aqueous solution, chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride reforms aquopentammine complex.
In the absence of the metal ion, the same organic reactants produce different products. The term is mainly used in coordination chemistry. The template effects emphasizes the pre-organization provided by the coordination sphere, although the coordination modifies the electronic properties (acidity, electrophilicity, etc.) of ligands. [1]
In chemistry, dissociative substitution describes a reaction pathway by which compounds interchange ligands. The term is typically applied to coordination and organometallic complexes, but resembles the S N 1 mechanism in organic chemistry. This pathway can be well described by the cis effect, or the labilization of CO ligands in the cis position.