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Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater, brackish water, and saltwater populations under controlled or semi-natural conditions and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. [2] Aquaculture is also a practice used for restoring and rehabilitating marine and freshwater ecosystems.
Mariculture, sometimes called marine farming or marine aquaculture, [1] is a branch of aquaculture involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other animal products, in seawater. Subsets of it include ( offshore mariculture ), fish farms built on littoral waters ( inshore mariculture ), or in artificial tanks , ponds or raceways ...
Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) is a type of aquaculture where the byproducts, ... For example, if the market demand for one species drops, farmers can ...
Early examples of European urban aquaculture could be found in Roman villas, followed by monasteries, castles, manors and millponds” in Medieval Europe. [6] The practice variously represented advancements in technology, ways to demonstrate social status, a means to avoid poor fish capture, and an increasing consumer demand for seafood. [ 6 ]
Extensive aquaculture is the other form of fish farming. Extensive aquaculture is more basic than intensive aquaculture in that less effort is put into the husbandry of the fish. Extensive aquaculture is done in the ocean, natural and man-made lakes, bays, rivers, and Fiords.
The aquaculture of salmonids is the farming and harvesting of salmonid fish under controlled conditions for both commercial and recreational purposes. Salmonids (particularly salmon and rainbow trout ), along with carp and tilapia , are the three most important fish groups in aquaculture . [ 2 ]
In 2008 aquaculture accounted for 46% of total food fish supply, around 115 million tonnes. [2] Although wild caught juveniles are still utilised in the industry, concerns over sustainability of extracting juveniles, and the variable timing and magnitude of natural spawning events, make hatchery production an attractive alternative to support ...
Compared to inshore aquaculture, disease problems currently appear to be much reduced when farming offshore. For example, parasitic infections that occur in mussels cultured offshore are much smaller than those cultured inshore. [14] However, new species are now being farmed offshore although little is known about their ecology and epidemiology ...