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Although the pencil test ended with the end of apartheid in 1994, the test remains an important part of cultural heritage in South Africa and a symbol of racism worldwide. For example, South African newspaper Mail & Guardian described incidents of mobs "testing" the nationality of suspected (black) foreigners as a "21-st [ sic ] century pencil ...
The controversial tour happened during the apartheid era in South Africa, and came shortly after the D'Oliveira affair. There were protests at many of the matches, by anti-apartheid campaigners, calling themselves 'Stop the Seventy Tour', organised by Peter Hain .
Apartheid was institutionalized in 1948 and lasted formally into the early 1990s. Under apartheid, racial privilege was not only socially meaningful—it became bureaucratically regulated. Laws such as the 1950 Population Registration Act established criteria to officially classify South Africans by race: White, Indian, Colored (mixed), or ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. South African system of racial separation This article is about apartheid in South Africa. For apartheid as defined in international law, see Crime of apartheid. For other uses, see Apartheid (disambiguation). This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Consider ...
In 1943, the bus fare increased from 5 cents to 6 cents; a new bus boycott took place in August 1943, with Nelson Mandela and tens of thousands of other protesters. They did not take a bus, but instead walked the 9 miles from Alexandra Township to the center of Johannesburg. A longer boycott took place in 1944, also in Alexandra, lasting seven ...
[3] [6] No industry in the economy has over 50% ownership by Black individuals in terms of their share even though 81.4% of the South African population is Black. [4] [6] The end of the apartheid system in South Africa has largely not changed the socioeconomic stratification by race. [5]
[3] [4] [5] The riots were a key moment in the fight against apartheid as it sparked renewed opposition against apartheid in South Africa both domestically and internationally. In remembrance of these events, 16 June is a public holiday in South Africa, named Youth Day. Internationally, 16 June is known as The Day of the African Child (DAC). [6 ...
A referendum on ending apartheid was held in South Africa on 17 March 1992. The referendum was limited to white South African voters, [1] [2] who were asked whether or not they supported the negotiated reforms begun by State President F. W. de Klerk two years earlier, in which he proposed to end the apartheid system that had been implemented since 1948.