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HPO 2− 4 ⇌ PO 3− 4 + H +, pK a3 = 12.37. The difference between successive pK a values is sufficiently large so that salts of either monohydrogen phosphate, HPO 2− 4 or dihydrogen phosphate, H 2 PO − 4, can be prepared from a solution of phosphoric acid by adjusting the pH to be mid-way between the respective pK a values.
The term phosphate is also used in organic chemistry for the functional groups that result when one or more of the hydrogens are replaced by bonds to other groups. These acids, together with their salts and esters , include some of the best-known compounds of phosphorus, of high importance in biochemistry , mineralogy , agriculture , pharmacy ...
The cyclic polyphosphates, called metaphosphates, include the trimer sodium trimetaphosphate and the tetramer, Na 3 P 3 O 9 and Na 4 P 4 O 12, respectively. Polymeric sodium phosphates are formed upon heating mixtures of NaH 2 PO 4 and Na 2 HPO 4, which induces a condensation reaction. The specific polyphosphate generated depends on the details ...
It reduces solutions of noble metal cations to the metals. When phosphorous acid is treated with a cold solution of mercuric chloride, a white precipitate of mercurous chloride forms: H 3 PO 3 + 2 HgCl 2 + H 2 O → Hg 2 Cl 2 + H 3 PO 4 + 2 HCl. Mercurous chloride is reduced further by phosphorous acid to mercury on heating or on standing:
A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the products to show the direction of the reaction. [1]
The temperature of the solution eventually decreases to match that of the surroundings. The equilibrium, between the gas as a separate phase and the gas in solution, will by Le Châtelier's principle shift to favour the gas going into solution as the temperature is decreased (decreasing the temperature increases the solubility of a gas).
The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution containing a mixture of the two components to the acid dissociation constant, K a of the acid, and the concentrations of the species in solution. [6] Simulated titration of an acidified solution of a weak acid (pK a = 4.7) with alkali
Note: in dilute aqueous solution the formation of the hydronium ion, H 3 O + (aq), is effectively complete, so that hydration of the proton can be ignored in relation to the equilibria. Other examples of inorganic polyprotic acids include anions of sulfuric acid , phosphoric acid and hydrogen sulfide that have lost one or more protons.