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The original acid phosphate, made by Horsford's chemical company, [3] [5] and was a mixture of calcium, magnesium and potassium phosphate salts with a small amount of phosphoric acid producing a liquid mixture with a pH of around 2 to 3, the same as freshly squeezed lime juice. Horsford used bone ash, which is mostly calcium phosphate. In the ...
Horsford replaced the cream of tartar with the more reliable calcium biphosphate (also known as calcium acid phosphate and many other names). [8] He did this a little earlier than August Oetker. In 1854, Horsford, with partner George Wilson, formed the Rumford Chemical Works. They named it after the title of Horsford's position at Harvard. [9]
The same year, Horsford received a patent for production of "pulverulent phosphoric acid" (calcium acid phosphate), an ingredient for baking powder. In 1859, the company was incorporated in Massachusetts as the Rumford Chemical Works. Its name honored Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, who had established the chair held by Horsford at ...
In 1864, he obtained a patent for a self-rising flour or "Bread preparation" in which calcium acid phosphate and sodium bicarbonate acted as a leavener. [3]: 36–44 [26] Horsford's research was interrupted by the American Civil War, but in 1869 Horsford finally created an already-mixed leavening agent by using cornstarch as a buffer. Rumford ...
Likewise, tripolyphosphoric acid H 5 P 3 O 10 yields at least five anions [H 5−k P 3 O 10] k−, where k ranges from 1 to 5, including tripolyphosphate [P 3 O 10] 5−. Tetrapolyphosphoric acid H 6 P 4 O 13 yields at least six anions, including tetrapolyphosphate [P 4 O 13] 6−, and so on. Note that each extra phosphoric unit adds one extra ...
Phosphogypsum is a by-product from the production of phosphoric acid by treating phosphate ore with sulfuric acid according to the following reaction: Ca 5 (PO 4) 3 X + 5 H 2 SO 4 + 10 H 2 O → 3 H 3 PO 4 + 5 (CaSO 4 · 2 H 2 O) + HX where X may include OH, F, Cl, or Br
Phosphorous acid (or phosphonic acid) is the compound described by the formula H 3 PO 3. This acid is diprotic (readily ionizes two protons), not triprotic as might be suggested by this formula. Phosphorous acid is an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds.
Phosphate esters have the general structure P(=O)(OR) 3 feature P(V). Such species are of technological importance as flame retardant agents, and plasticizers. Lacking a P−C bond, these compounds are in the technical sense not organophosphorus compounds but esters of phosphoric acid. Many derivatives are found in nature, such as ...