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If conservative treatment is unsuccessful, helmets may help to correct abnormal head shapes. These helmets are used to treat deformational plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, scaphocephaly and other head shape deformities in infants 3–18 months of age by gently allowing the head shape to grow back into a normal shape. This type of treatment has ...
Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP), also known as "tooth in eye" surgery, [1] is a medical procedure to restore vision in the most severe cases of corneal and ocular surface patients. It includes removal of a tooth from the patient or a donor.
After cataract surgery, patients with diabetes mellitus are generally acknowledged to have an increased risk of macular edema. [12] A prior history of retinal vein occlusion was the only significant preoperative risk factor in a large retrospective series of 1659 consecutive cataract surgeries. [13]
There are multiple indications for cataract surgery. [2] An absolute indication signifies need for surgical correction. [2] Surgical correction of the cataract is indicated when lens opacification blocks the ref reflex and dilated pupils are detected, strabismus with unilateral cataract, or nystagmus with bilateral cataracts. [2]
This made visual rehabilitation after cataract surgery a more efficient, effective, and comfortable process. [1] Artificial IOLs, which are used to replace the eye's natural lens removed during cataract surgery, increased in popularity after the 1960s and were first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1981.
Cyanopsia is most commonly reported in older adults after cataract surgery, where symptoms typically subside within a few days to weeks as the eyes adapt to the synthetic lens. In younger adults, cyanopsia is often caused by medications like sildenafil, with symptoms disappearing once the drug's effects wear off.
Cataract surgery by “couching” (lens depression) is one of the oldest surgical procedures. The technique involves using a sharp instrument to push the cloudy lens to the bottom of the eye. Perhaps this procedure is that which is mentioned in the articles of the Code of Hammurabi (ca. 1792–1750 BC) though it is a mere speculation.
Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is an evolution of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE); the lens is removed from the eye through a self-sealing scleral tunnel wound. A well-constructed scleral tunnel is held closed by internal pressure, is watertight, and does not require suturing.