Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Isocyanates react with water to form carbon dioxide: RNCO + H 2 O → RNH 2 + CO 2. This reaction is exploited in tandem with the production of polyurethane to give polyurethane foams. The carbon dioxide functions as a blowing agent. [12] Isocyanates also react with amines to give ureas: R 2 NH + R'NCO → R 2 NC(O)N(H)R'
Benzoyl chloride is produced from benzotrichloride using either water or benzoic acid: [2] C 6 H 5 CCl 3 + H 2 O → C 6 H 5 COCl + 2 HCl C 6 H 5 CCl 3 + C 6 H 5 CO 2 H → 2 C 6 H 5 COCl + HCl. As with other acyl chlorides, it can be generated from the parent acid and standard chlorinating agents such as phosphorus pentachloride, thionyl ...
Isothiocyanates can be prepared by treating organic dithiocarbamate salts with lead nitrate or tosyl chloride. [5] [6] Synthesis of phenyl isothiocyanate. Isothiocyanates may also be accessed by the fragmentation reactions of 1,4,2-oxathiazoles. [7] This methodology has been applied to a polymer-supported synthesis of isothiocyanates. [8]
It is usually prepared by the dehydration reaction of benzoic acid, e.g. using acetic anhydride: [3] 2 C 6 H 5 CO 2 H + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → (C 6 H 5 CO) 2 O + 2 CH 3 CO 2 H. Alternatively, sodium benzoate can be treated with benzoyl chloride. It can be produced by dehydrating benzoic acid by heating. [citation needed]
C 6 H 5 CH 3 + Cl 2 → C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + HCl C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + Cl 2 → C 6 H 5 CHCl 2 + HCl C 6 H 5 CHCl 2 + Cl 2 → C 6 H 5 CCl 3 + HCl. Benzylic halides are typically strong alkylating agents, and for this reason benzal chloride is treated as a hazardous compound. Treatment of benzal chloride with sodium gives stilbene.
Typically these reactions would be conducted in the presence of a base which serves to absorb the HCl. Alkyl chloroformate esters degrate to give the alkyl chloride, with retention of configuration: ROC(O)Cl ' → RCl + CO 2. The reaction is proposed to proceed via a substitution nucleophilic internal mechanism. [3]
It is the primary reactant in Yamaguchi esterification. 2,4,6-Trichlorobenzoyl chloride readily reacts with alcohols. This newly formed reagent, when mixed with a stoichiometric amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, cyclizes and forms esters. This reaction creates 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid as a byproduct.
Illustrative is the synthesis of tert-butyl isocyanide from tert-butylamine in the presence of catalytic amount of the phase transfer catalyst benzyltriethylammonium chloride. [17] Me 3 CNH 2 + CHCl 3 + 3 NaOH → Me 3 CNC + 3 NaCl + 3 H 2 O. As it is only effective for primary amines, this reaction can be used as a chemical test for their ...