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The system of rank insignia is a direct descendant of various systems used throughout history by the Polish Army. Some of the grades trace their name back to the Middle Ages, for instance the rank of chorąży literally means a flag bearer or an Ensign .
Soldiers of the Polish Legion in Finland. Polish Legion in Finland (Polish: Legion Polski w Finlandii, Finnish: Puolan Legioona Suomessa, Swedish: Polska legionen i Finland, Russian: Польский Легион в Финляндии) was a military unit made up of ethnic Poles who had been soldiers of the Russian Imperial Army during World War I and stationed in the Grand Duchy of Finland.
The military ranks of Finland are the military insignia used by the Finnish Defence Forces. The ranks incorporate features from the Swedish, German, and Russian armed forces. In addition, the system has some typically Finnish characteristics that are mostly due to the personnel structure of the Finnish Defence Forces.
Jewish Legion, in the British Army at Gallipoli and Palestine; Polish Legion in Finland, fighting for the Finns against the Russians; Polish Legions in World War I, part of the Austro-Hungarian Army; Puławy Legion, a Polish formation that was part of the Imperial Russian Army; Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, a corps of the Austro-Hungarian Army
1st Legions Infantry Division of Józef Piłsudski (stationed in Wilno) - Brig. Gen. Wincenty Kowalski; 2nd Legions Infantry Division (stationed in Kielce) - Col. Edward Dojan-Surówka, after September 8, 1939 col. Antoni Staich
Red Army Uniforms of World War II in Colour Photographs. London: Windrow & Greene. ISBN 978-1872004594. Rosignoli, Guido (1972). Army badges and insignia of World War 2: Book 1. MacMillan Colour Series. New York: Blandford Press Ltd. ISBN 9780026050807. LCCN 72-85765. Rosignoli, Guido (1980). Naval and Marine Badges and Insignia of World War 2 ...
The Polish Armed Forces in the West fought under British command and numbered 195,000 in March 1944 and 165,000 at the end of that year, including about 20,000 personnel in the Polish Air Force and 3,000 in the Polish Navy. At the end of World War II, the Polish Armed Forces in the west numbered 195,000 and by July 1945 had increased to 228,000 ...
The following is a list of Polish Armies during World War II, together with their commanders and brigade and division-sized units. For a more detailed list see: Polish army order of battle in 1939 . Key