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Signal transducing adaptor proteins (STAPs) are proteins that are accessory to main proteins in a signal transduction pathway. [1] Adaptor proteins contain a variety of protein-binding modules that link protein-binding partners together and facilitate the creation of larger signaling complexes.
Clathrin adaptor proteins, also known as adaptins, are proteins that mediate the formation of vesicles for intracellular trafficking and secretion. Adaptins are clustered subunits of adaptor protein (AP) complexes. [1] There are several types of adaptin, each related to a different AP complex.
Therefore, adaptor proteins are responsible for the recruitment of cargo molecules into a growing clathrin-coated pits. [2] The two major types of clathrin adaptor complexes are the heterotetrameric vesicular transport adaptor proteins (AP1-5), and the monomeric GGA (Golgi-localising, Gamma-adaptin ear homology, ARF-binding proteins) adaptors.
Vesicular transport adaptor proteins are proteins involved in forming complexes that function in the trafficking of molecules from one subcellular location to another. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] These complexes concentrate the correct cargo molecules in vesicles that bud or extrude off of one organelle and travel to another location, where the cargo is ...
Adaptor protein may refer to: Signal transducing adaptor protein; Vesicular transport adaptor protein. Clathrin adaptor protein, also known as adaptin
The AP2 adaptor complex is a multimeric protein that works on the cell membrane to internalize cargo in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [1] It is a stable complex of four adaptins which give rise to a structure that has a core domain and two appendage domains attached to the core domain by polypeptide linkers.
Adaptor molecules are responsible for self-assembly and recruitment. Two examples of adaptor proteins are AP180 [7] and epsin. [8] [9] [10] AP180 is used in synaptic vesicle formation. It recruits clathrin to membranes and also promotes its polymerization. Epsin also recruits clathrin to membranes and promotes its polymerization, and can help ...
Overexpression of SHC proteins are associated with cancer mitogenesis, carcinogenesis and metastasis. [8] The SHC and its adaptor proteins transmit signaling of the cell surface receptors such as EGFR, erbV-2 and insulin receptors. p52SHC and p46SHC activate the Ras-ERK pathway. p66SHC inhibits ERK1/2 activity and antagonize mitogenic and survival abilities of T-lymphoma Jurkat cell lines. [8]