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Methodologically and conceptually, news values can be approached from four different perspectives: material (focusing on the material reality of events), cognitive (focusing on people's beliefs and value systems), social (focusing on journalistic practice), and discursive (focusing on the discourse). [5]
Almost half of Americans use social media as a news source, according to the Pew Research Center. [1] These are participatory platforms that allow user-generated content [2] [3] and sharing content within one's own virtual network. [4] [2] Using social media as a news source allows users to engage with news in a variety of ways including:
Social media caused many controversies during the 2020 election. During the 2020 election, social media was the primary source of the spread of false information. Social media users also faced polarization due to social media algorithms, creating an echo chamber for social media users and only exposing themselves to their own beliefs.
Most people choose what media they are exposed to based on their already existing values, and they use information from the media to reaffirm what they already believe. From news coverage and late-night programs, to exposure to social media apps, present varying political stances that are often associated with increasing political participation ...
An example of this is "I voted" image can remind others to submit their ballots or create peer pressure to encourage voting [5] Furthermore, social media can heavily impact politics through the spread of pollution and fake news. For example, it was reported that Russia had managed to infiltrate American social media sources during the 2016 ...
By tracking citations and social media shares across various news outlets and correlating with editorial political leaning, they found that right-wing media sources had effectively segregated themselves [146] into in an increasingly isolated silo, creating a propaganda feedback loop [147] [148] continually becoming more extreme and more partisan.
An echo chamber is "an environment where a person only encounters information or opinions that reflect and reinforce their own." [1]In news media and social media, an echo chamber is an environment or ecosystem in which participants encounter beliefs that amplify or reinforce their preexisting beliefs by communication and repetition inside a closed system and insulated from rebuttal.
Some digital media platforms can use criteria to choose stories which are different from traditional news values. For example, while the Google News portal essentially chooses stories based on news value (though indirectly, through the choices of large numbers of independent outlets), users can set Google Alerts on specific terms which define ...