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The perfusion of the paramedian forehead flap comes from three sources: randomly, through the frontalis muscle and through the supratrochlear artery. [1] Because the forehead flap is an axial flap with a pedicle containing its dominant vessel, the pedicle can safely be narrowed to 1 to 1.2 cm. [1]
Flap surgery is a technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery where tissue with an intact blood supply is lifted from a donor site and moved to a recipient site. Flaps are distinct from grafts, which do not have an intact blood supply and relies on the growth of new blood vessels.
The flap allows for 1) passive drainage of the pleural space and 2) negative pressure to develop in the thoracic cavity due to it being easier for air to escape than to enter the chest. The lung can then expand to the chest wall and seal the inner opening of the flap. [3] Other surgeons have subsequently proposed modifications to the procedure. [6]
Research has found that pharyngeal flap surgery has been most effective for those with a sagittal closure pattern (good lateral wall movement but poor velar movement (Armour et al., 2005)). Pharyngeal flap surgery is not recommended for everyone and alternative treatment methods are available. One alternative is the use of a prosthesis. In some ...
Derivative of Heath Raftery's own creation. Rough diagram of sound frequency scale, showing ultrasound and some applications. Date: 28 June 2010, 23:30 (UTC) Source: Ultrasound_range_diagram.png; Ultrasound_range_diagram_png_(sk).svg; Author: Ultrasound_range_diagram.png: The original uploader was LightYear at English Wikipedia.
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Triangles of skin adjacent to a sliding flap are excised to facilitate movement of the flap [1] Collis gastroplasty: John Leigh Collis, British cardiothoracic surgeon: Upper gastrointestinal surgery: Procedure for lengthening oesophagus [2] COLLIS JL (September 1957). "An operation for hiatus hernia with short oesophagus". Thorax. 12 (3): 181– 8.
Loss of arterial supply is serious too and both will cause necrosis (death) of the flap. Close monitoring of the flap both by nurses and by the surgeon is mandatory following the completion of the operation. [2] [3] If detected early, loss of either the venous or arterial blood supply may be corrected by operative intervention. Many times an ...