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A Judeo-Aramaic inscription from Mtskheta, Georgia, dating to the 4th-6th century CE. The conquest of the Middle East by Alexander the Great in the years from 331 BCE overturned centuries of Mesopotamian dominance and led to the ascendancy of Greek, which became the dominant language throughout the Seleucid Empire, but significant pockets of Aramaic-speaking resistance continued.
When the text itself refers to the language of such Semitic glosses, it uses words meaning "Hebrew"/"Jewish" (Acts 21:40; 22:2; 26:14: têi hebraḯdi dialéktōi, lit. ' in the Hebrew dialect/language ' ) [ 23 ] but this term is often applied to unmistakably Aramaic words and phrases; [ 24 ] [ 25 ] for this reason, it is often interpreted as ...
It has been suggested that this article be merged into Jewish languages. ( Discuss ) Proposed since February 2025. This is a list of languages and groups of languages that developed within Jewish diaspora communities through contact with surrounding languages.
Syriac alphabet. Aramaic (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: ארמית, romanized: ˀərāmiṯ Imperial Aramaic pronunciation: [ʔɛrɑmitˤ]; Classical Syriac: ܐܪܡܐܝܬ, romanized: arāmāˀiṯ [a]) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia [3] [4] and the Sinai ...
Yiddish, [a] historically Judeo-German, [11] [b] is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews.It originated in 9th-century [12]: 2 Central Europe, and provided the nascent Ashkenazi community with a vernacular based on High German fused with many elements taken from Hebrew (notably Mishnaic) and to some extent Aramaic.
The language of such Semitic glosses (and in general the language spoken by Jews in scenes from the New Testament) is often referred to as "Hebrew" in the text, [64] although this term is often re-interpreted as referring to Aramaic instead [note 6] [note 7] and is rendered accordingly in recent translations. [66]
During the Babylonian captivity of the Jews, which began around 600 BC, the language spoken by the Jews started to change from Hebrew to Aramaic, and Aramaic square script replaced the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet. [2] After the Achaemenid Empire annexed the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 BC, Aramaic became the main language of public life and ...
The Galilean dialect was the form of Jewish Aramaic spoken by people in Galilee during the late Second Temple period, for example at the time of Jesus and the disciples, as distinct from a Judean dialect spoken in Jerusalem. [1] [2] The Aramaic of Jesus, as recorded in the Gospels, gives various examples of Aramaic phrases.