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The VOC Solvents Emissions Directive was the main policy instrument for the reduction of industrial emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the European Union. It covers a wide range of solvent-using activities, e.g. printing, surface cleaning, vehicle coating, dry cleaning and manufacture of footwear and pharmaceutical products.
Indoor materials such as gypsum boards or carpet act as VOC 'sinks', by trapping VOC vapors for extended periods of time, and releasing them by outgassing. The VOCs can also undergo transformation at the surface through interaction with ozone. [42] In both cases, these delayed emissions can result in chronic and low-level exposures to VOCs. [50]
Since the release of the initial 1989 study, titled A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution abatement: An Interim Report, [6] further research has been done including a 1993 paper [7] and 1996 book [8] by B. C. Wolverton, the primary researcher on the original NASA study, that listed additional plants and focused on the removal of specific chemicals.
Its results suggested that certain common indoor plants, like pothos, ivy and ficus, may absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis, and provide a natural way to remove toxic ...
A secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a molecule produced via oxidation over several generations of a parent organic molecule. [1] In contrast to primary organic aerosols, which are emitted directly from the biosphere , SOAs are either formed via homogeneous nucleation through the successive oxidation of gas -phase organic compounds , or through ...
Plant communication encompasses communication using volatile organic compounds, electrical signaling, and common mycorrhizal networks between plants and a host of other organisms such as soil microbes, [2] other plants [3] (of the same or other species), animals, [4] insects, [5] and fungi. [6]
In a photoionization detector, high-energy photons, typically in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range, break molecules into positively charged ions. [2] As compounds enter the detector they are bombarded by high-energy UV photons and are ionized when they absorb the UV light, resulting in ejection of electrons and the formation of positively charged ions.
Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are a set of organic compounds that are typically photochemically reactive in the atmosphere—marked by the exclusion of methane. [1] NMVOCs include a large variety of chemically different compounds, such as benzene , ethanol , formaldehyde , cyclohexane , 1,1,1-trichloroethane and acetone . [ 2 ]