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There have been 46 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
Venera 11: Venus 9 September 1978 25 December 1978 108 days (3 months, 17 days) The Venera 11 bus flew by Venus at a minimum distance of 34,000 km and left a lander. [94] Venera 12: Venus 14 September 1978 19 December 1978 97 days (3 months, 6 days) The Venera 12 bus flew by Venus at a minimum distance of 34,000 km and left a lander. [95]
Venera-D is a proposed mission to Venus that would include a highly capable orbiter and a lander. From the standpoint of total mass delivered to Venus, the best launch opportunities occur in 2026 and 2031; [ 10 ] however, as of March 2021, Venera-D is planned for launch no earlier than November 2029. [ 11 ]
Its sister craft Venera 2 had failed due to overheating shortly before completing its flyby mission. Capsule of Venera-4 in Memorial Museum of Astronautics. The descent capsule of Venera 4 entered the atmosphere of Venus on October 18, 1967, making it the first probe to return direct measurements from another planet's atmosphere. The capsule ...
Venera 9 was the first probe to send back television pictures (black and white) from the Venusian surface, showing no shadows, no apparent dust in the air, and a variety of 30 to 40 cm (12 to 16 in) rocks which were not eroded. Planned 360-degree panoramic pictures could not be taken because one of two camera lens covers failed to come off ...
Montage of planets and some moons that the two Voyager spacecraft have visited and studied. It is the only program that visited all four outer planets. A total of nine spacecraft have been launched on missions that involve visits to the outer planets; all nine missions involve encounters with Jupiter, with four spacecraft also visiting Saturn.
Venera 4 (Russian: Венера-4, lit. 'Venus-4'), also designated 4V-1 No.310, was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus.The probe comprised a lander, designed to enter the Venusian atmosphere and parachute to the surface, and a carrier/flyby spacecraft, which carried the lander to Venus and served as a communications relay for it.
The Venera 13 lander appears in the short film Horses on Mars (2001) with a message to the main character who is a microbe lost on Venus. The Venera lander appears in the book Contact ( Sagan , 1985).