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The pupil function or aperture function describes how a light wave is affected upon transmission through an optical imaging system such as a camera, microscope, or the human eye. More specifically, it is a complex function of the position in the pupil [ 1 ] or aperture (often an iris ) that indicates the relative change in amplitude and phase ...
The entrance pupil is located at infinity, and chief rays before the objective are parallel to the optical axis. An object-space telecentric lens has the entrance pupil (the image of the lens's aperture stop, formed by optics before it) at infinity and provides an orthographic projection instead of the perspective projection in
Other names for etendue include acceptance, throughput, light grasp, light-gathering power, optical extent, [1] and the AΩ product. Throughput and AΩ product are especially used in radiometry and radiative transfer where it is related to the view factor (or shape factor). It is a central concept in nonimaging optics.
The exit pupil is the image of the aperture stop formed by the optics behind it, and the location and size of the pupil are determined by chief rays and marginal rays. The image side of the lens of an SLR camera; the exit pupil is the light area in the middle of the lens. In optics, the exit pupil is a virtual aperture in an
The f-number N is given by: = where f is the focal length, and D is the diameter of the entrance pupil (effective aperture).It is customary to write f-numbers preceded by "f /", which forms a mathematical expression of the entrance pupil's diameter in terms of f and N. [1]
A camera lens adjusted for large and small aperture. The visible opening is the entrance pupil of the lens. The apparent location of the anatomical pupil of a human eye (black circle) is the eye's entrance pupil location. The outside world appears to be seen from the point at the center of the entrance pupil.
An optical sensor is generally part of a larger system that integrates a source of light, a measuring device, and the optical sensor. This is often connected to an electrical trigger. The trigger reacts to a change in the signal within the light sensor. An optical sensor can measure the changes from one or several light beams.
Classification of the different kinds of optical autocorrelation. In optics, various autocorrelation functions can be experimentally realized. The field autocorrelation may be used to calculate the spectrum of a source of light, while the intensity autocorrelation and the interferometric autocorrelation are commonly used to estimate the duration of ultrashort pulses produced by modelocked lasers.