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Abd al-Rahman III's mother Muzna was a Christian captive, possibly from the Pyrenean region. His paternal grandmother Onneca Fortúnez was a Christian princess from the Kingdom of Pamplona. In his immediate ancestry, Abd al-Rahman III was Arab and Hispano–Basque. [1]
Contemporary historians accused Abdullah of orchestrating the death of his half-brother, al-Mundhir, whereby he ascended to power. [2]The most formidable threat for the emir was Umar Ibn Hafsun, who had conquered the provinces of Reyyo (including Bobastro), [3] Elvira (including Granada) and Jaén, and had allied with the populations of Archidona, Baeza, Úbeda and Priego.
The size of the Caliphal army under Abd al-Rahman III was between 30,000 and 50,000 troops. [13] [20] [21] The caliphate became very profitable during the reign of Abd al-Rahman III, with public revenue up to 6,245,000 dinars, higher than previous administrations.
Al-Mutarrif himself was beheaded in 895 under orders of his father. As a result, Muhammad's son Abd-ar-Rahman, who was born three weeks prior to his father's assassination, was the one who succeeded his grandfather Abdullah as emir of Córdoba. Known in the West as Abd-ar-Rahman III, he later elevated himself to the position of caliph. [12]
Abd al-Rahman III, the eighth and final Emir and first Caliph of Córdoba, ordered the construction of Cadrete's castle in 935 AD while in the area to crush a rebellion by the Banu Tujib vassal dynasty. [1] A bust commissioned in his honor was unveiled on 18 June 2016 in the town's Plaza de Aragón, and celebrated with a medieval fair. [1]
Abd al-Rahman was the son of Mu'awiya, son of Hisham, son of Abd al-Malik, according to Abd el-Wahid Merrakechi when reciting his ancestry. [34] Abd al-Rahman's mother was a member of the Nafza Berbers with whom he found refuge after the murder of his family in 750. [35] Abd al-Rahman married a Spanish Sephardi woman named Hulal.
Abdullah ibn Muḥammad al-ʾUmawī: 888 — 15 October 912 ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III ibn Muḥammad al-ʾUmawī: 16 October 912 – 16 January 929 After Abd al-Rahman III proclaimed himself Caliph of Córdoba, the jurisdiction changed from an emirate to a caliphate. Caliphate of Córdoba: Caliph Reign ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
Toda was an aunt or cousin of Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III. [a] Toda was married to King Sancho I of Pamplona, with whom she had the following children: Urraca, queen of León from 931 until 951 as the wife of Ramiro II; Onneca, queen of León from 926 until 931 as the wife of Alfonso IV; Sancha, countess of Castile as the wife of Fernán González;