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  2. Pull-through procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pull-through_procedure

    A pull-through procedure is the definitive operation for Hirschsprung disease, involving the removal of the abnormal segment of bowel that has no nerves, pulling through the normal bowel and connecting it to the anus. Several types of pull-through procedures exist including the Soave, Swenson and Duhamel.

  3. Drawer test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawer_test

    The patient should be supine with the hips flexed to 45 degrees, the knees flexed to 90 degrees and the feet flat on table. The examiner positions himself by sitting on the examination table in front of the involved knee and grasping the tibia just below the joint line of the knee.

  4. Clarke's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarke's_test

    In medicine, Clarke's test (also known as the Osmond-Clarke test or patellar grind test) is a component of knee examination which may be used to test for patellofemoral pain syndrome, chondromalacia patellae, patellofemoral arthritis, or anterior knee pain. It is not a standard part of the knee examination but is used to diagnose anterior knee ...

  5. Posterior cruciate ligament injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_cruciate...

    An additional test of posterior cruciate ligament injury is the posterior sag test, where, in contrast to the drawer test, no active force is applied. Rather, the person lies supine with the leg held by another person so that the hip is flexed to 90 degrees and the knee 90 degrees. [ 3 ]

  6. McMurray test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMurray_test

    The McMurray test is named after Thomas Porter McMurray, [2] a British orthopedic surgeon from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century who was the first to describe this test. The description of the test has since been altered from the original by various authors. [3] Most commonly, varus and valgus stress to the knee is added. These ...

  7. Apley grind test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apley_grind_test

    In order to perform the test, the patient lies prone (face-down) on an examination table and flexes their knee to a ninety degree angle. The examiner then places his or her own knee across the posterior aspect of the patient's thigh. The tibia is then compressed onto the knee joint while being externally rotated. If this maneuver produces pain ...

  8. Nuss procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuss_procedure

    This procedure lasts approximately ninety minutes. The length of time that the patient stays at the hospital following the bar removal procedure varies, depending on the amount of new bone growth surrounding the bar. Accordingly, the length of time may range from a few hours to several days, or up to one week. [citation needed]

  9. Hamman's sign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamman's_sign

    Hamman's sign (rarely, Hammond's sign [1] or Hammond's crunch [2]) is a medical sign consisting of a crunching, rasping sound, synchronous with the heartbeat, [3] heard over the precordium in spontaneous mediastinal emphysema. It is thought to result from the heart beating against air-filled tissues.