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The upper montane forests extend from approximately 2,300 meters up to 3,300 meters elevation. A belt of subalpine dwarf forests forms the transition between the montane forests and the high-elevation páramo alpine grasslands. [4] [3] Laurels and oaks are the predominant canopy trees in the lower montane forests, growing up to 40 meters high.
The Ministry of Wildlife and Forest Resources Conservation [2] (Sinhala: වනජීවී හා වන සම්සත් සංරක්ෂණ අමාත් ...
The Sri Lanka montane rain forests is an ecoregion found above 1,000 m in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. Owing to their rich biodiversity , this region is considered to be a super-hotspot within endemic hotspots of global importance. [ 2 ]
Plant diversity and endemism in Sri Lanka are quite high. Of 3,210 flowering plants belonging to 1,052 genera, 916 species and 18 genera are endemic. [3] All but one of Sri Lanka's more than 55 dipterocarp (Sinhalese "Hora") are found nowhere else in the world. Sri Lanka's amphibian diversity is only becoming known now.
It is the government department responsible for maintaining national parks, nature reserves and wildlife in wilderness areas in Sri Lanka. [3] Forest reserves and wilderness areas are maintained by the Department of Forest Conservation. [4] The head of the department is the Director General of Wildlife Conservation, formally known as Warden.
Cultivation of cardamom at large scale in the montane forests is a major threat to the fragile forest ecosystem. [5] [6] [7] Invasive exotic plant species such as Mist Flower (Ageratina riparia) that increasingly spread into montane forest areas and montane grasslands destroy the unique native Sri Lankan flora. [8] [9] [10]
In 2019 a total area of 16.5% [2] of Sri Lanka was forested. In 2010, it was 28.8% [3] (and 32.2% in 1995. [4]) 9.0% [5] of Sri Lanka's forests are classified as primary forest (the most biodiverse form of forest and the biggest carbon sinks on Earth). Sri Lanka's forests contain 61 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass (in ...
Its mission is to protect and expand Sri Lanka's forests and woodlands. [2] The head of the department is the Conservator General, Dr. K.M.A.Bandara. It comes under the purview of the Ministry of Wildlife and Forest Resource Conservation.