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To commit a change in git on the command line, assuming git is installed, the following command is run: [1] git commit -m 'commit message' This is also assuming that the files within the current directory have been staged as such: [2] git add . The above command adds all of the files in the working directory to be staged for the git commit.
Often, the version that will eventually become the next major version is called the development branch. However, there is often more than one subsequent version of the software under development at a given time. Often, the development branch is the trunk. Some revision control systems have specific jargon for the main development branch.
A pull request, a.k.a. merge request, is a request by a user to merge a branch into another branch. [118] [119] Git does not itself provide for pull requests, but it is a common feature of git cloud services. The underlying function of a pull request is no different than that of an administrator of a repository pulling changes from another ...
git reset --hard makes the current branch point to some specific revision or branch, and replaces the current working files with the files from that branch. git merge merges files from a given branch into the current branch. git push uploads changes from local branches to the respective remote repositories. git add puts current working files ...
A pull request can be accepted or rejected by maintainers. [13] Once the pull request is reviewed and approved, it is merged into the repository. Depending on the established workflow, the code may need to be tested before being included into official release. Therefore, some projects contain a special branch for merging untested pull requests.
For version control, Git (and, by extension, GitHub) allows pull requests to propose changes to the source code. Users who can review the proposed changes can see a diff between the requested changes and approve them. In Git terminology, this action is called "committing" and one instance of it is a "commit."
Example history graph of a version-controlled project, with merges as red arrows. In version control, merging (also called integration) is a fundamental operation that reconciles changes made to a version-controlled collection of files. Most often, it is necessary when a file is modified on two independent branches and subsequently merged. The ...
Historically, branch prediction took statistics, and used the result to optimize code. A programmer would compile a test version of a program, and run it with test data. The test code counted how the branches were actually taken. The statistics from the test code were then used by the compiler to optimize the branches of released code.