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DNA barcoding is a method of species identification using a short section of DNA from a specific gene or genes. The premise of DNA barcoding is that by comparison with a reference library of such DNA sections (also called "sequences"), an individual sequence can be used to uniquely identify an organism to species, just as a supermarket scanner uses the familiar black stripes of the UPC barcode ...
Metabarcoding is the barcoding of DNA/RNA (or eDNA/eRNA) in a manner that allows for the simultaneous identification of many taxa within the same sample. The main difference between barcoding and metabarcoding is that metabarcoding does not focus on one specific organism, but instead aims to determine species composition within a sample.
The ITS region is the most widely sequenced DNA region in molecular ecology of fungi [28] and has been recommended as the universal fungal barcode sequence. [29] It has typically been most useful for molecular systematics at the species to genus level, and even within species (e.g., to identify geographic races).
DNA barcoding of cyanobacteria can be applied in various ecological, evolutionary and taxonomical studies. Some examples include assessment of cyanobacterial diversity and community structure, [ 34 ] identification of harmful cyanobacteria in ecologically and economically important waterbodies [ 35 ] and assessment of cyanobacterial symbionts ...
Fungal DNA barcoding is the process of identifying species of the biological kingdom Fungi through the amplification and sequencing of specific DNA sequences and their comparison with sequences deposited in a DNA barcode database such as the ISHAM reference database, [1] or the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). In this attempt, DNA barcoding ...
The barcoded DNA fragments are amplified using PCR to create a library of DNA fragments with identical barcodes. All the fragments derived from a given DNA molecule are tagged with the same barcode. [4] This step increases the quantity of DNA for sequencing and reduces the chances of losing unique DNA fragments during sequencing.
Microbiology (from Ancient Greek μῑκρος (mīkros) 'small' βίος (bíos) 'life' and -λογία () 'study of') is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular (single-celled), multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or acellular (lacking cells).
The uptake of donor DNA and its recombinational incorporation into the recipient chromosome depends on the expression of numerous bacterial genes whose products direct this process. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] In general, transformation is a complex, energy-requiring developmental process that appears to be an adaptation for repairing DNA damage.