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These spaces are usually the product of a deal between cities and private real estate developers in which cities grant valuable zoning concessions and developers provide in return privately owned public spaces in or near their buildings. Privately owned public spaces may include walkways, plazas, arcades, small parks, and atriums, and are ...
Conversion of publicly owned public spaces to privately owned public spaces is referred to as the privatization of public space, and is a common result of urban redevelopment. [11] Beginning roughly in the 1960s, the privatization of public space (especially in urban centers) has faced criticism from citizen groups such as the Open Spaces Society.
Privately owned public spaces (POPS) in New York City were introduced in the 1961 Zoning Resolution. The city offers zoning concessions to commercial and residential developers in exchange for a variety of spaces accessible and usable for the public. There are over 590 POPS at over 380 buildings in New York City and are found principally in Manhattan. Spaces range from extended sidewalks to ...
Most of the 33 buildings are in the Los Angeles Basin, which has been spared the strongest shaking of L.A. County’s two most destructive earthquakes since World War II — the magnitude 6.6 ...
Critics felt the system would make public buildings too plain. [5] The growth of cities and government functions has led to the need for large multipurpose highrise federal buildings. An example is the 32-story $120 million construction in Cleveland of the Anthony J. Celebrezze Federal Building. [6]
The list includes the Kenneth Hahn Hall of Administration, the center of Los Angeles County government.
In United States law, public accommodations are generally defined as facilities, whether publicly or privately owned, that are used by the public at large. Examples include retail stores, rental establishments, and service establishments as well as educational institutions, recreational facilities, and service centers.
Back in 2011, the Obama administration released a map of 14,000 excess buildings and structures owned by the federal government across the country (not all the buildings were necessarily offices ...